Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialIntranasal ketamine for procedural sedation in pediatric laceration repair: a preliminary report.
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of 3 doses of intranasal ketamine (INK) for sedation of children from 1 to 7 years old requiring laceration repair. ⋯ Nine milligrams of INK per kilogram produced a significantly higher proportion of successful sedations than the 3- and 6-mg/kg doses.
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Pediatric emergency care · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialFunctional outcome after air-stirrup ankle brace or fiberglass backslab for pediatric low-risk ankle fractures: a randomized observer-blinded controlled trial.
Pediatric ankle fractures are usually treated by immobilization with either a posterior splint, cast, or ankle brace. We set out to determine if the below-knee fiberglass posterior splint was as effective as the Air-Stirrup ankle brace in returning children with a low risk ankle fracture to their normal level of activity. ⋯ There was no difference between the Air-Stirrup ankle brace and the fiberglass posterior splint in returning children to their normal levels of activity.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialNeedle-free jet injection of lidocaine for local anesthesia during lumbar puncture: a randomized controlled trial.
Lumbar puncture (LP) is an essential procedure in the emergency department (ED) for the evaluation of meningitis. Subcutaneous injection of lidocaine before LP for local anesthesia is not a pain-free procedure. The J-Tip device allows an intradermal needle-free jet injection of 1% buffered lidocaine. This study compares needle-free jet injection of lidocaine to saline in reducing pain before LP in infants. ⋯ Needle-free injection of 1% buffered lidocaine administered before needle insertion for LP in infants reduces pain and length of cry, compared with normal saline.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jun 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized trial comparing wound packing to no wound packing following incision and drainage of superficial skin abscesses in the pediatric emergency department.
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of wound packing versus no wound packing on short-term failure rates and long-term recurrences after incision and drainage (I&D) of a simple cutaneous abscess. ⋯ Wound packing does not appear to significantly impact the failure or recurrence rates after simple I&D. Larger studies are needed to better validate the equivalency of these 2 strategies.
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Pediatric emergency care · Apr 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of altitude on cerebral oxygenation during pediatric interfacility transport.
The objectives of this study were to determine the usefulness of cerebral oxygenation monitoring during interfacility helicopter transport of pediatric patients and to determine the effect of changes in altitude during transport on cerebral oxygenation readings in pediatric interfacility transport patients. ⋯ Cerebral oxygenation monitoring, using NIRS technology, can be used as a monitoring tool during pediatric helicopter transport. Cerebral oxygenation may change with acute changes in altitude, especially in pediatric patients requiring high levels of respiratory support. This technology has the potential to be used to monitor tissue oxygenation and possibly guide therapeutic interventions during pediatric transport.