Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Jun 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCosmetic outcome of scalp wound closure with staples in the pediatric emergency department: a prospective, randomized trial.
The purpose of this study is to compare the cosmetic outcome of scalp wound closure with staples to traditional skin sutures. ⋯ Stapling appears to be a fast and cosmetically acceptable alternative to suturing for simple scalp lacerations.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jun 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntroducing a simple, weight-based, color-coded, medication dosing device.
To compare the time required to withdraw various pediatric resuscitation medications using traditional techniques and the Per-Kilo Doser (PKD), a new weight-based dosing device. ⋯ The PKD decreases medication withdrawal time.
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Pediatric emergency care · Apr 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of two benzodiazepines used for sedation of children undergoing suturing of a laceration in an emergency department.
(1) To determine if oral diazepam (POD) is as effective in sedating children less than 6 years of age for laceration repair as oral midazolam (POM) or intranasal midazolam (INM); and (2) To determine if patients stayed longer in the department after sedation when given POD for sedation. ⋯ The oral route of delivery of POM and POD was better tolerated than INM. POM and INM were more effective at sedation than POD, but there was no clinical difference between any groups for time to sedation or time to discharge. More patients in the POM group had side effects after leaving the department. POD may be an alternative to POM, but a higher dose may be required, possibly with longer recovery times.
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Pediatric emergency care · Apr 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of core and peripheral warming methods on temperature and physiologic variables in injured children.
Injured children are at risk for thermoregulatory compromise, where temperature maintenance mechanisms are overwhelmed by severe injury, environmental exposure, and resuscitation measures. Adequate thermoregulation can be maintained, and heat loss can be prevented, by core (administration of warmed intravenous fluid) and peripheral (application of convective air warming) methods. It is not known which warming method is better to maintain thermoregulation and prevent heat loss in injured children during their trauma resuscitations. The purpose of this feasibility study was to compare the effects of core and peripheral warming measures on body temperature and physiologic changes in a small sample of injured children during their initial emergency department (ED) treatment. ⋯ Core and peripheral warming methods appeared to e effective in preventing heat loss in this stable patient population. A reasonable next step would be to continue this trial in a larger sample of patients who are at greater risk for heat loss and subsequent hypothermia and to use a control group.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialHistory and radiographic findings associated with clinically suspected radial head subluxations.
To determine: 1) physician practices regarding the use of radiographs for radial head subluxations (RHS), 2) the prevalence of missed fractures in children with a clinical diagnosis of RHS, 3) the relative risk of a fracture with a nonclassic history for mechanism of injury for RHS, and 4) radiographic findings associated with RHS that are difficult to reduce. ⋯ 1) Physicians tend to order radiographs for elbow injuries they initially perceive to be radial head subluxations when attempts at reduction fail. 2) In our study, fractures in children who presented with the classic flexed elbow/pronated wrist position were rare. 3) The relative risk of a fracture in children with a nonclassic history for mechanism of injury was not significant. 4) An isolated finding of a posterior fat pad in a child with RHS that is difficult to reduce was not associated with a fracture in our small sample of children with radiographic findings.