Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Jan 2024
Review Case ReportsPoint-of-Care Ultrasound-Guided Arthrocentesis of a Pediatric Septic Ankle.
Septic arthritis is one potential cause of pediatric joint effusion and pain that may lead to significant morbidity. We present a case where point-of-care ultrasound was used to identify and aspirate a joint effusion in a pediatric patient with septic arthritis of the ankle, facilitating timely diagnosis and care. We review the technique for arthrocentesis of the ankle and literature on point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis of pediatric septic arthritis.
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Pediatric emergency care · Dec 2023
ReviewDefining Sentinel Injuries of Suspected Child Abuse by Age Using International Classification of Diseases-10: A Delphi Study.
To address child abuse effectively requires accurate assessment of the magnitude of the problem. Although it is difficult to assess the scale of child abuse cases nationwide, it can be estimated through the incidence of sentinel injuries, which are defined as minor but unusual injuries such as bruises or wounds in children of precruising age. Therefore, this study aimed to define disease codes for sentinel injuries by age as a preliminary study to elucidate the incidence of sentinel injuries among patients who visited hospitals nationwide. ⋯ Using the Delphi method, we defined disease codes for sentinel injuries in children aged younger than 12 months, possibly enabling assessment of the incidence of child abuse based on national data. Future research is needed to validate this result and investigate the incidence of sentinel injuries using the defined disease codes and to determine their association with actual cases of child abuse.
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Pediatric emergency care · Dec 2023
Review Case ReportsEchinococcal Cyst Rupture in a 3-Year-Old Boy With a Minor Abdominal Trauma Identified by a Point-of-Care Ultrasound E-Fast Examination: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Point-of-care ultrasound is now widely used in adult and pediatric emergency departments as part of the rapid evaluation and treatment of patients in urgent care settings. It has been shown to be a powerful tool to aid in decision making in both trauma and acute medical situations. We describe a case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain and fever after a minor abdominal trauma, highlighting the use of point-of-care ultrasound to arrive at the diagnosis of a ruptured echinococcal cyst.
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Pediatric emergency care · Nov 2023
Review Case ReportsPoint-of-Care Ultrasound of a Pediatric Gastric Trichobezoar: A Case Report.
This case report describes a previously healthy pediatric patient with acute onset of abdominal pain and distention who was found to have an epigastric mass on physical examination. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) demonstrated a large gastric mass with ultrasonographic features consistent with a trichobezoar. ⋯ We conclude POCUS may be helpful for evaluation of epigastric masses and diagnosis of gastric trichobezoars. We review the ultrasound technique, sonographic findings, and literature regarding ultrasound diagnosis of trichobezoars.
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Pediatric emergency care · Sep 2023
Review Case ReportsPoint-of-Care Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Foreign Body Ingestion: A Narrative Review and Illustrative Case Report.
Foreign body ingestion (FBI) is a frequent concern in emergency departments. Clinical guidelines recommend performing plain x-rays as the primary modality of diagnosis. Although point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) has increasingly been integrated into the daily practice of emergency medicine, it has been poorly investigated in the diagnostic approach for FBI.This review aims to highlight the current state of PoCUS use for pediatric FBI.The following research question was considered in this narrative review: Is PoCUS useful for FBI management? ⋯ This review suggests that PoCUS might be a reliable modality for the initial management of FBI. PoCUS can locate, identify, and evaluate the size of the FB in a wide range of materials and gastrointestinal locations. Point-of-care ultrasound could eventually become the go-to modality in the case of radiolucent FB, thus avoiding the use of radiation. Further studies are nevertheless required to validate PoCUS use for FBI management.