Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft ... [et al]
-
Review Comparative Study
Radiation-induced bystander effects. Mechanisms, biological implications, and current investigations at the Leipzig LIPSION facility.
The bystander effect is a relatively new area of radiobiological research, which is aimed at studying post-radiation changes in neighboring non-hit cells or tissues. The bystander effect of ionizing irradiation is important after low-dose irradiation in the range of up to 0.2 Gy, where a higher incidence of stochastic damage was observed than was expected from a linear-quadratic model. It is also important when the irradiation of a cell population is highly non-uniform. ⋯ The observation of a bystander effect has posed many questions, and answering them is a challenging topic for radiobiology in the future.
-
To identify prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma undergoing radiation therapy. ⋯ Besides established prognostic factors, anemia and raised serum LDH levels may negatively influence outcome in glioblastoma patients. Our results from data-dependent modeling have to be confirmed by independent studies.
-
We evaluated prognostic factors for survival in patients with four or more brain metastases in order to determine whether intense local treatment might be justified for some of them. If up to three brain metastases are present, surgical resection or radiosurgery are currently being considered in case of favorable prognostic factors. ⋯ Patients with four or more brain metastases seem to represent a group with unfavorable prognosis where remission of brain metastases or administration of more than 30 Gy were not associated with increased survival. The number of patients in RPA class I was too small to draw final conclusions. However, there was absolutely no survival difference between patients in class II (median survival 3.6 months) and III (median 4.2 months).
-
Local failure is the one of the most frequent cause of tumor related death in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LAD-NSCLC). Dose escalation has the promise of increased loco-regional tumor control but is limited by the tolerances of critical organs. ⋯ IMRT gives the possibility of further dose escalation without an increasing mean lung dose especially in patients with large tumors.
-
Different radiotherapy techniques are used for postmastectomy irradiation. We review the results with the electron-beam-rotation technique in advanced breast cancer patients. Main endpoint was local tumor control. ⋯ In high-risk breast cancer patients postmastectomy irradiation with the electron-beam-rotation technique is an effective therapy, resulting in a 5-year local failure rate of 8%. Intensified local therapy needs further investigation in subgroups of patients with additional risk factors.