Journal of thoracic imaging
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Atelectasis is known to change the retractility of the involved part of the lung and the pleural pressure adjacent to it. Consequently, pleural effusions or pneumothoraxes will change their distribution and preferentially migrate toward the site of atelectasis. This alteration will often result in an atypical distribution of pleural liquid or gas. The radiological implications of this phenomenon are discussed herein.
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Tracheobronchial injuries are rare and can be life threatening. They can result from external injuries due to blunt or penetrating trauma or from internal injuries subsequent to inhalation of fumes, gases, and aspiration of liquids or foreign bodies. The most dangerous aspect of tracheal trauma is the fact that it is easily overlooked initially. Imaging studies play a pivotal role in timely diagnosis.
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Case Reports
Vertebral vein migration of a long-term central venous access catheter: a cause of brachial plexopathy.
We report a patient whose central venous catheter tip had migrated into the vertebral vein. Infusion of chemotherapy agents for cancer through this catheter resulted in brachial plexopathy.
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It is becoming increasingly clear that obstructive airway disease and early emphysema occur in some drug addicts who intravenously abuse drugs intended for oral use. We report four patients with such a history who had clinical, pathophysiologic, and radiologic evidence of severe obstructive airway disease with hyperinflation. ⋯ One patient had moderately severe emphysema at autopsy. The pathogenesis of this disease is uncertain but may involve synergism with cigarette smoke, direct toxic effects of the drug, or induced intravascular leukocyte sequestration causing proteolytic pulmonary injury.
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The article describes eight patients with enlarged internal mammary lymph nodes visualized on the frontal plain chest radiograph. Enlarged internal mammary lymph nodes cast shadows that initially may be mistaken for a mediastinal or pleural abnormality. Although the lateral film alone may suggest these nodes, the findings on the frontal film help lateralize the abnormality.