Journal of child neurology
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An 8-year-old boy developed generalized tonic spasms lasting minutes accompanied by an electrodecremental event on electroencephalogram in association with increased intracranial pressure caused by shunt malfunction. The electroencephalographic abnormalities and clinical attacks occurred despite an otherwise normal neurologic examination, normal initial opening pressure on lumbar puncture and shunt tap, and only mild ventricular dilation revealed by brain imaging. ⋯ After revision of the shunt "seizures" stopped and the electroencephalogram returned to normal. Antiepileptic drugs were discontinued, with no recurrence of events.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of combined therapy with acetazolamide and furosemide in normalizing intracranial pressure in children with pseudotumor cerebri. The role of repeated lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure monitoring in evaluating the response to therapy is also demonstrated. Continuous 1-hour lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure monitoring was done in eight children with pseudotumor cerebri on admission and at weekly intervals until the baseline pressure had normalized. (One child had two episodes of pseudotumor cerebri). ⋯ All children had a rapid clinical response. Combined therapy with acetazolamide and furosemide is an effective first-line method of treating raised intracranial pressure in children with pseudotumor cerebri. The good correlation found between the clinical response and normalization of baseline cerebrospinal fluid pressure suggests that clinical monitoring of treatment is adequate in most children with this condition.
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The complex relationship between epilepsy, language, and behavior is not well understood. Neurologic disorders such as Landau-Kleffner syndrome, electrical status epilepticus during slow-wave sleep, infantile spasms, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, autism, and developmental language disorders are useful clinical models in the investigation of this complex relationship. These disorders are reviewed in terms of their contribution to our present knowledge of the relationship between epilepsy, language, and behavior. Present management issues and directions for future research are discussed.
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Biography Historical Article
Cartoons of famous neurologists by Milt Gross.
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Biography Historical Article Classical Article
Illustrated lecture by J. Ramsay Hunt.