Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA
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Case Reports
Free serratus anterior artery perforator flap: a case report with an anatomic and radiological study.
Perforator flaps have become very popular in reconstructive surgery. The thoracodorsal and lateral thoracic artery perforator flaps are highly studied, and successful clinical series have been reported, whereas the literature concerning the lateral intercostal and serratus anterior artery perforator flaps is quite poor and their vascular anatomy needs yet to be clarified. We describe a case of free serratus anterior artery perforator flap for the reconstruction of a dorsal defect of the foot, followed by an anatomic and radiological study. ⋯ In our knowledge, an elucidated method to preoperatively visualize the perforating vessel of the serratus anterior artery has not yet been described. Thus, an anatomic study on 8 hemithorax and a radiological study on 33 computed tomographic angiographies of the chest were carried out to clarify the vascular anatomy of the serratus anterior artery perforators and to verify the possibility of their preoperative visualization. The authors believe that the serratus anterior artery perforator could be preoperatively investigated, thus making this flap a valuable option when harvesting a perforator flap in the lateral chest area.
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The calcification of the stylohyoid chain (SHC), elongated styloid process (SP), larger SP' angle and its shortened distance of cervical internal carotid artery (CICA) are risk factors for bony compression and the stylocarotid syndrome. ⋯ 3D-CTA was the most appropriate radiological investigation analyzing and measuring SHC (elongated, larger angle, shorter distances with CICA) and identifying types (duplicated, segmented, complete and fractured) resulting from pressures on the CICA. Our study also revealed the pressure on the artery not only arose from the tip of the SP but could also result from types stretching over the artery wall. In those specimens, there is a higher probability of formation of the stylocarotid syndrome due to the long-term pressure on the sympathetic chain around the CICA.
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To determine the relationship of the medial meniscus with the infrapatellar branches of the saphenous nerve, the primary goal is to define and characterize different risk areas for these nerves during medial meniscus surgery. ⋯ We defined a common anatomical course for the saphenous nerve and its infrapatellar branches. Then, three different areas were defined at risk for iatrogenic nerve injuries during medial meniscus.
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To provide the anatomical basis of brachial plexus roots for the diagnosis and treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion injury. ⋯ The systematic and comprehensive anatomic data of the brachial plexus roots provides the anatomical basis to diagnose and treat the brachial plexus root avulsion injury.
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To investigate the results of resurfacing completely degloved digits using bilobed innervated radial artery superficial palmar branch (RASPB) perforator flap in a spiral fashion. ⋯ Level IV, retrospective series.