Journal of critical care
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2020
Meta AnalysisOptic nerve sheath diameter measurement for predicting raised intracranial pressure in adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis.
To evaluate and compare the diagnostic feasibility of measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), via brain computed tomography (CT) and ocular ultrasonography (US) for prediction of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. ⋯ Measurement of the ONSD may be a useful method for predicting raised ICP in adult patients with severe TBI.
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2020
ReviewPrevention and early treatment of driveline infections in ventricular assist device patients - The DESTINE staging proposal and the first standard of care protocol.
Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) using left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) have considerably improved the quality of life and survival rate of patients with end-stage heart failure. Despite substantial technological progress, major challenges with regard to VAD-specific and VAD-related infections have hitherto hindered the broader application of this promising therapy approach. Driveline infections (DLI) range among the main adverse events experienced in LVAD patients. ⋯ An advanced wound staging approach was defined with recommended actions for prevention, early detection and stage-related management of DLI. Broad consensus was reached on the fact that an interdisciplinary approach both in DLES care and DLES healing disorder awareness is required to prolong infect-free survival times on MCS as well as to ensure high patient compliance and quality of life. In conclusion, a new detailed SOP for appropriate DLES care and an advanced wound staging approach for prevention and management of DLI were defined on an expert level applicable for VAD clinicians, practitioners and care givers in Central Europe.
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2020
Risk factors and outcomes among delirium subtypes in adult ICUs: A systematic review.
Use systematic review methodology to summarize risk factors and outcomes for each delirium subtype (hypoactive, hyperactive and mixed) in an adult ICU population. ⋯ Although included studies reported on many subtype-specific risk factors and outcomes, heterogeneity in reporting and methodological quality limited the generalizability of the results and the evidence for many subtype-specific risk factors or outcomes is inconsistent across studies. Standardized methodology and the creation of a universal template for collecting data in ICU delirium studies are essential moving forward; helping to identify subtype-specific risk factors or outcomes and strengthen the association of potential risk factors or outcomes.
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial of silver-coated and tapered cuff plus supraglottic suctioning endotracheal tubes in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Novel designs of the endotracheal tube (ETT) are emerged to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). We evaluated the effect of two different types, namely silver-coated (Bactiguard) and subglottic suctioning (Taperguard) ETTs, on the incidence of VAP in critically-ill patients. ⋯ The use of Bactiguard or Taperguard ETTs was not associated with any difference in the incidence of VAP or ICU mortality.
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2020
ReviewEffects of propofol on ischemia-reperfusion and traumatic brain injury.
Oxidative stress exacerbates brain damage following ischemia-reperfusion and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Management of TBI and critically ill patients commonly involves use of propofol, a sedation medication that acts as a general anesthetic with inherent antioxidant properties. Here we review available evidence from animal model systems and clinical studies that propofol protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. ⋯ Evidence suggests that propofol protects astrocytes from oxidative stress and stimulates astroglial-mediated protection of neurons. One may speculate that in brain injury patients under sedation/anesthesia, propofol provides brain tissue protection or aids in recovery by enhancing astrocyte function. Nevertheless, our understanding of neurologic recovery versus long-term neurological sequelae leading to neurodegeneration is poor, and it is also conceivable that propofol plays a partial as yet unrecognized role in long-term impairment of the injured brain.