Journal of critical care
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
Nimodipine after circulatory arrest: effects on oxygen delivery and consumption.
Evaluation of the effects of nimodipine administration during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on oxygen delivery and consumption was the aim of this study. ⋯ Our findings suggest that in nimodipine-treated animals, a lower oxygen deficit or a better redistribution of regional blood flow occurred after circulatory arrest and resuscitation.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
ReviewRole of neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesion in inflammatory disorders.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are armed with an impressive arsenal of bactericidal agents that allow these cells to play a vital role in host defense against invading pathogens. However, these same agents can produce extensive cellular damage in host tissues when leukocytes are activated during inflammatory conditions. ⋯ NECA also appears to play an important role in the pathobiology of airway inflammation and asthma, pulmonary oxygen toxicity, arthritis, bacterial meningitis, and cerebral malaria. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence implicating NECA in the pathogenesis of these inflammatory conditions.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
Comparative StudyEffects of dobutamine and prostacyclin on cerebral blood flow velocity in septic patients.
Both dobutamine and prostacyclin (PGI2) have been used to increase oxygen delivery in septic patients, but their effects on cerebral blood flow have not been well studied. ⋯ Dobutamine and PGI2 at the administered doses exert different effects on arterial pressure and middle cerebral artery flow velocity in septic patients. According to these data, dobutamine increases cerebral oxygen delivery more than PGI2.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
Comparative StudyThe effect of adrenergic agonists on the systemic response to hemorrhage.
Systemic blood loss elicits a variety of reflex cardiovascular responses, which preserve cardiac output as possible and preserve arterial blood pressure when cardiac output decreases. When compensatory venoconstriction is exhausted, hemorrhage reduces oxygen delivery (QO2), and systemic vasoconstriction competes with local metabolic vasodilation to preserve tissue oxygen uptake (VO2). Through their effects on vascular tone and blood flow distribution, adrenergic agents might interfere with the physiological responses to reduced O2 delivery. This study was designed to determine the effects of dobutamine and norepinephrine on oxygen extraction and systemic vascular resistance during progressive hemorrhage. ⋯ Norepinephrine and dobutamine appear to block reflex vasoconstriction, and mechanistic explanations for this finding remain speculative. Despite inhibition of reflex vasoconstriction, neither dobutamine nor norepinephrine significantly impaired oxygen extraction during hemorrhage.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
Hormonal profiles in a canine model of the brain-dead organ donor.
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of brain death on the circulating hormone levels. ⋯ The operative procedure alone led to the decrease in the plasma thyroid hormone levels. The inability of the BD group to increase plasma CORT, NE, and EPI may contribute to the hemodynamic deterioration and eventual somatic death.