Clinical biomechanics
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Clinical biomechanics · Aug 2017
Differences in lumbar spine and lower extremity kinematics during a step down functional task in people with and people without low back pain.
When functional movements are impaired in people with low back pain, they may be a contributing factor to chronicity and recurrence. The purpose of the current study was to examine lumbar spine, pelvis, and lower extremity kinematics during a step down functional task between people with and without a history of low back pain. ⋯ People with low back pain displayed less lumbar region movement in the sagittal plane and more off-plane knee movements than the control group during a step down task. Clinicians can use this information when assessing lumbar spine and lower extremity movement during functional tasks, with the goal of developing movement-based interventions.
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Clinical biomechanics · Jun 2017
The effect of a rotator cuff tear and its size on three-dimensional shoulder motion.
Rotator cuff-disease is associated with changes in kinematics, but the effect of a rotator cuff-tear and its size on shoulder kinematics is still unknown in-vivo. ⋯ The massive posterosuperior rotator cuff-tear group had substantially less glenohumeral elevation and more scapulothoracic lateral rotation compared to the other groups. These observations suggest that the infraspinatus is essential to preserve glenohumeral elevation in the presence of a supraspinatus tear. Shoulder kinematics are associated with rotator cuff-tear size and may have diagnostic potential.
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Clinical biomechanics · Jun 2017
Superior-inferior position of patellar component affects patellofemoral kinematics and contact forces in computer simulation.
Anterior knee pain has been reported as a major postoperative complication after total knee arthroplasty, which may lead to patient dissatisfaction. Rotational alignment and the medial-lateral position correlate with patellar maltracking, which can cause knee pain postoperatively. However, the superior-inferior position of the patellar component has not been investigated. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of the patellar superior-inferior position on patellofemoral kinematics and kinetics. ⋯ Superior-inferior positions affected patellofemoral kinematic and kinetics. Surgeons should avoid the inferior position of the patellar component, because the inferior positioned model showed greater quadriceps and patellofemoral force, resulting in a potential risk for anterior knee pain and component loosening.
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Clinical biomechanics · May 2017
Comparative StudyCervical facet force analysis after disc replacement versus fusion.
Cervical total disc replacement was developed to preserve motion and reduce adjacent-level degeneration relative to fusion, yet concerns remain that total disc replacement will lead to altered facet joint loading and long-term facet joint arthrosis. This study is intended to evaluate changes in facet contact force, pressure and surface area at the treated and superior adjacent levels before and after discectomy, disc replacement, and fusion. ⋯ Total disc replacement preserved facet contact force for all scenarios except extension at the treated level, highlighting the importance of the anterior disco-ligamentous complex. This could promote treated-level facet joint disease.
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Clinical biomechanics · May 2017
Biomechanical testing of a PEEK-based dynamic instrumentation device in a lumbar spine model.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the range-of-motion after posterior polyetheretherketone-based rod stabilisation combined with a dynamic silicone hinge in order to compare it with titanium rigid stabilisation. ⋯ Surprisingly, the hybrid device compensates for laminectomy L4 and destabilising procedure within the level L3/4 in comparison to other implants. Further studies must be performed to show its effectiveness regarding the adjacent segment instability.