Archivos de bronconeumología
-
Arch. Bronconeumol. · Apr 2013
ReviewLung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography after the National Lung Screening Trial. The debate is still open.
The aim of this article is to highlight some concerns regarding lung cancer screening with CT through a thorough analysis of scientific literature. The publication of the National Lung Screening Trial in 2011 has revealed that CT screening of smokers and ex-smokers in three annual rounds reduces lung cancer mortality a 20% when compared with thorax x-ray screening. The first limitation of this screening modality is its lack of downstaging in successive screening rounds compared with the initial round. ⋯ Lastly, published studies on lung cancer CT screening are vastly heterogeneous. They include different age groups, different types of smokers and ex-smokers and different tomogram thickness, making the results hardly comparable. In this context we do not recommend lung cancer screening with CT for smokers or ex-smokers outside of the context of individual counseling.
-
Arch. Bronconeumol. · Jan 2013
ReviewIndoor air contaminants and their impact on respiratory pathologies.
Humans spend a considerable amount of their time breathing air inside enclosed spaces in which, due to various sources, there may be contaminants that deteriorate the air quality. This is an important risk factor for the health of the general population. This review evaluates the contaminants that are present in the air of indoor air spaces, describing the sources that generate them as well as the physiopathological mechanisms and the diseases that they may cause in the respiratory system.
-
Arch. Bronconeumol. · Jan 2013
Letter Review Case ReportsMultifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in a patient with tuberous sclerosis.
-
Arch. Bronconeumol. · Sep 2012
ReviewInfluence of anti-HBc positive organ donor in lung donor selection.
The risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission through donor organs with HBsAg(-) and anti-HBc(+) serology has not been extensively studied in lung transplantation. The objectives of this study are to ascertain the influence of the anti-HBc(+) on the acceptance of the lung for transplantation, to comment on the published literature and to suggest an algorithm for action. ⋯ The presence of anti-HBc in the donor influences the decision to accept a lung donor, although there is little information on its repercussions. To date, there has been no reported case of transmission of HBV, but post-transplant anti-HBc seroconversions have been described, which suggests contact with viral particles. Although rare, an anti-HBc(+) donor can harbor a hidden HBV infection. The risk of infection can be reduced with adequate anti-HBs titers or with appropriate pharmacological measures.
-
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression. They actively participate in the modulation of important cell physiological processes and are involved in the pathogenesis of lung diseases such as lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A better understanding of the role that miRNAs play in these diseases could lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. In this review, we discuss the role of some miRNAs in different lung diseases as well as the possible future of these discoveries in clinical applications.