Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Bupivacaine 0.125% produces motor block and weakness with fentanyl epidural analgesia in children.
Epidural infusions of fentanyl (2 micrograms.ml-1) alone or combined with bupivacaine 0.125% were compared for perioperative analgesia, motor block and other side-effects in children who underwent urological surgery. ⋯ Postoperative epidural fentanyl infusion provides equipotent analgesia to administration of a solution including both fentanyl and bupivacaine 0.125% and causes less lower limb weakness. No reduction in the fentanyl requirement resulted from the addition of bupivacaine 0.125%.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Differential sensory block: spinal vs epidural with lidocaine.
In this study we sought to determine if and when a difference exists with regards to differential sensory blockade between spinal and epidural anaesthesia using lidocaine. ⋯ Spinal and epidural anaesthesia with lidocaine produce a similar degree of differential sensory blockade. Epidural anaesthesia produces a detectable difference between the level of analgesia and cold sensation at various times, whereas spinal anaesthesia did not reliably do so in this study.
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Laboratory experiments were performed to determine warming rates of albumin 5% at room temperature and human packed red blood cells (PRBCs) at 4 degrees C in small volumes. Four methods used in clinical practice to warm volumes appropriate for neonates were studied. ⋯ Warming of intravenous fluids in small volumes is accomplished most rapidly using a fluid warmer with temperature-controlled coaxial tubing and occurs more slowly in syringes, bottles, or bags exposed to various environmental conditions.