Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Case Reports
Fibreoptic bronchoscopy for tracheal and endobronchial intubation with a double-lumen tube.
A 68-year-old patient was scheduled for a thoracotomy. A double-lumen endobronchial tube was requested by the surgeon to facilitate operating conditions. Initial attempts at intubation by conventional methods were unsuccessful. ⋯ The patient's larynx was easily visualized and the bronchoscope was passed into the trachea. The double lumen tube was then advanced over the bronchoscope and correctly positioned. Shortening a double-lumen tube allows the use of a fibreoptic bronchoscope to aid in tracheal intubation in a patient whose larynx is difficult to visualize by conventional methods.
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The background, organization, problems, and successful implementation of an anaesthesia training program in Nepal are described. Nepali physicians had previously taken their postgraduate anaesthesia training in western countries, especially in Britain. The low pay of anaesthetists, poor maintenance of equipment, and irregular supplies of anaesthetic drugs in their own country has led many of them to stay abroad. ⋯ An alternative approach to training is presented in which a series of Canadian anaesthetists, over a three-year period, are supporting the establishment of a one-year Diploma in Anaesthesiology program in Nepal. They are working with Nepali anaesthetists and the Institute of Medicine in Kathmandu, Nepal. The local anaesthetists supervise most of the clinical training while the Canadians give academic leadership and guidance.
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The case of a woman with sickle cell trait who sustained a cardiac arrest and died during a Caesarian section under general anaesthesia is reported. Because the common causes of intraoperative hypoxia and shock were ruled out in this case, we believe that death was due to severe concealed aorto-caval compression. ⋯ We emphasize that while complications secondary to sickle cell trait during general anaesthesia are very rare, they can occur. We discuss methods of monitoring such patients.
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Lidocaine 0.5 per cent in a dose of 2 mg X kg-1 was used for intravenous regional analgesia with the tourniquet cuff placed over the forearm. The level of tourniquet cuff pressure employed was the arterial "occlusion pressure" plus 50 mmHg. ⋯ No toxic symptoms and signs were observed. Measurement of serum lidocaine concentrations in 12 patients confirmed the safety of the technique, although small leakage of lidocaine past the inflated forearm tourniquet was detected in some patients.