Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine
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Due to a shortened period of in utero organ development, premature infants are at higher risk of chronic respiratory, cardiac, renal, and endocrine system disorders later in life. With more premature babies being born and more of them surviving, internists and primary care practitioners should be aware of their patient's birth history and of the potential long-term effects of prematurity. Such understanding can lead to early detection of disease and targeted lifestyle modifications.
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Patients with COVID-19 have a fairly high risk of neurologic complications, including encephalopathy, stroke, central nervous system infection, seizures, and neuromuscular diseases. Many report losing their senses of smell and taste, and many survivors report lingering neurocognitive impairment. The diagnosis and treatment of these complications does not differ from that in other patients, although sophisticated testing may not be readily available for a patient in intensive care and respiratory isolation. Clinicians should therefore be alert to these complications.