Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine
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Testing for respiratory viruses has changed greatly over the past decade, owing to advances in technology, drug development, vaccine research, and a growing recognition of the importance of improving patient access. Here, we focus on the most common respiratory viruses and review preanalytic variables (eg, collection and storage) that affect test results, testing methods including nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), and controversies, challenges, and trends in diagnostic testing relevant to clinicians.
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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a threat to infants globally causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Despite decades of research, RSV outbreaks occur with only modest advancements in prevention or treatment. ⋯ Additionally, monoclonal antibodies offer prevention directly to newborns within 1 week of birth. These innovations have the potential to substantially change the impact of RSV.
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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants, older adults, and patients with weakened immune systems. Disease severity differs by underlying immunologic pathologies, with worse outcomes associated with progression from upper to lower respiratory disease. In this review we address the impact of RSV in immunocompromised populations, and discuss the limited available treatments and the potential impact of newer RSV prevention strategies on immunocompromised adults and children.
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Vaccination is a cornerstone of public health, but vaccine hesitancy poses significant challenges as highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressing the challenge requires healthcare professionals to effectively counter misinformation. ⋯ Legislation, policy interventions, research, innovation, and technology are needed to enhance vaccine uptake and ensure equitable access. Integration of vaccination into routine healthcare is paramount for public health protection against emerging infectious threats.