Journal of Korean medical science
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Apr 2021
Entecavir versus Tenofovir for the Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Treatment-naïve Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Korea.
The occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major concern during antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B. There are conflicting opinions regarding the effects of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on HCC prevention. We assessed these two antiviral medications for preventing HCC in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B. ⋯ In patients with chronic hepatitis B, the ETV treatment did not result in a higher rate of HCC than the TDF treatment.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Apr 2021
Comparative StudyClinical Application of the Standard Q COVID-19 Ag Test for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
We evaluated the Standard Q COVID-19 Ag test for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared to the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. We applied both tests to patients who were about to be hospitalized, had visited an emergency room, or had been admitted due to COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR. ⋯ The overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for the Standard Q COVID-19 Ag test compared to RT-PCR were 17.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.8-32.0%) and 100% (95% CI, 95.3-100.0%). Analysis of the results using RT-PCR cycle thresholds of ≤ 30 or ≤ 25 increased the sensitivity to 26.9% (95% CI, 13.7-46.1%), and 41.1% (95% CI, 21.6-64.0%), respectively.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Apr 2021
Predictive Role of Endoscopic Surveillance after Total Gastrectomy with R0 Resection for Gastric Cancer.
Endoscopic surveillance after total gastrectomy (TG) for gastric cancer is routinely performed to detect tumor recurrence and postoperative adverse events. However, the reports on the clinical benefits of endoscopic surveillance are ambiguous. We investigated the clinical benefit of endoscopic surveillance after TG for gastric cancer. ⋯ Endoscopic surveillance did not have a significant role in detecting locoregional tumor recurrence and postoperative adverse events after TG with R0 resection for gastric cancer. Routine endoscopic surveillance after TG may be considered optional and performed according to the capacities of each clinical setting.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Apr 2021
Neonatal Outcomes according to the Latent Period from Membrane Rupture to Delivery among Extremely Preterm Infants Exposed to Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane: a Nationwide Cohort Study.
In accordance with the guidelines for the expectant management of women exposed to previable preterm premature rupture of membrane, we compared neonatal outcomes according to the latent period from membrane rupture to delivery among extremely preterm infants exposed to maternal preterm premature rupture of membrane using the Korean Neonatal Network database. ⋯ A prolonged latent period of 7 days or more does not affect the survival rate but increases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia occurrence among extremely preterm infants who are exposed to maternal preterm premature rupture of membrane.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Apr 2021
Increased Expression of S100B and RAGE in a Mouse Model of Bile Duct Ligation-induced Liver Fibrosis.
Liver fibrosis is defined as the accumulation of the extracellular matrix and scar formation. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been demonstrated to participate in fibrogenesis. S100B is a ligand of RAGE and exerts extracellular functions by inducing a series of signal transduction cascades. However, the involvement of S100B and RAGE in cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated S100B and RAGE expression during liver fibrosis in mice that underwent common bile duct ligation (BDL). ⋯ These findings suggest that the increased expression of S100B and RAGE and the interaction between S100B and RAGE may play an important role in ductular reaction and liver fibrosis induced by BDL.