Journal of Korean medical science
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Diagnostic Value of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Hemorrhage on Clavicular Periosteum in Hanging Deaths.
Suicide remains a significant global public health challenge, with hanging as the most prevalent suicide method in South Korea. This study aimed to determine diagnostic markers confirming suicidal hanging-associated deaths. ⋯ Hemorrhage at the periosteal-clavicular origin of the SCM is a significant finding in suicidal hanging and serves as a potential pathognomonic marker for confirming cases of suicidal hanging. The study revealed a statistically significant association between the type of hanging, completeness of body suspension, and the occurrence of these hemorrhages. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation does not cause a hemorrhage at this location.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Active Surveillance for Safety Monitoring of XBB.1.5-Containing COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Korea.
The emergence of the omicron variant and its sub-lineages has necessitated vaccine updates for coronavirus disease 2019. In September 2023, the U. S. ⋯ Among 20,180 respondents, 27.9% reported health issues. Adverse reactions peaked on day 1 (28.7%), including pain at the vaccination site, muscle pain, fatigue, and fever. These findings elucidate the short-term safety of the XBB.1.5 vaccine and support its co-administration with the influenza vaccine, reducing vaccine hesitancy and achieving herd immunity.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Impact of Palivizumab in Preventing Severe Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Moderate-to-Late Preterm Infants: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis using palivizumab effectively reduces RSV-associated morbidity in preterm infants. In Korea, national insurance coverage for palivizumab was implemented in October 2016 for moderate-to-late preterm (MLPT) infants born during the RSV season (October-March) who have older siblings. However, no large-scale studies have investigated the changes in the incidence and risk of severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) after insurance coverage implementation for MLPT infants. ⋯ The risks of severe ALRI outcomes decreased in Korea following the 2016 insurance implementation of palivizumab prophylaxis for MLPT infants born during the RSV season with older siblings.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
ReviewFGFR Inhibitors in Urothelial Cancer: From Scientific Rationale to Clinical Development.
In the past decade, the treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC), including bladder cancer (BC), has transformed significantly with the introduction of diverse therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, and antibody-drug conjugates. This change is partly due to advancements in genomic understanding, particularly next-generation sequencing, which has identified numerous mutations in UC. Among these therapies, erdafitinib, a pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor for specific FGFR2 and FGFR3 alterations, is the only targeted therapy approved till now. ⋯ These FGFR3 genomic alterations often occur independently of mutations in other BC oncogenes, such as TP53 and RB1. This review emphasizes the importance of FGFR inhibition in UC and the optimization of its use in clinical practice. Moreover, it underscores the ongoing efforts to evaluate combination strategies and early treatment testing to enhance the effectiveness of targeted therapies for UC.