American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impact of Brief Nicotine Messaging on Nicotine-Related Beliefs in a U.S. Sample.
The current study pilot tested the effect of a single, brief exposure to nicotine education messages on beliefs about nicotine, nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), E-cigarettes, and cigarettes with reduced nicotine content (RNC). ⋯ Findings from the current study support the hypothesis that a brief nicotine messaging intervention-similar to the messages likely to be seen on warning labels or in media campaigns-is likely to correct misperceptions of nicotine, NRT, E-cigarettes, and RNC cigarettes.
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Although previous research has suggested a positive association between child maltreatment and BMI over the life course, it is unclear when this develops. ⋯ The relationship between child maltreatment and BMI varies as a function of type of maltreatment, sex, and time. Notably, associations between maltreatment and BMI did not emerge until young adulthood. Future research should investigate mechanisms by which the association between maltreatment and BMI changes over time to identify trauma-informed intervention targets for improving weight outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of an m-Health Physical Activity and Sleep Health Intervention for Adults: A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial.
Interventions that improve both physical activity and sleep quality may be more effective in improving overall health. The purpose of the Synergy Study is to test the efficacy of a mobile health combined behavior intervention targeting physical activity and sleep quality. ⋯ This remotely delivered intervention did not produce statistically significant between-group differences in minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Significant short-term differences in resistance training and short- and medium-term differences in sleep health in favor of the intervention were observed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of a Web-Based Intervention to Increase Uptake of Maternal Vaccines: An RCT.
Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) and influenza vaccines are recommended for pregnant women in each pregnancy, yet uptake is suboptimal. This study tested the efficacy of an online vaccine resource in increasing uptake of Tdap and influenza vaccines among pregnant women. ⋯ Web-based vaccination information sent to pregnant women can positively influence maternal influenza vaccine uptake. Because of potential scalability, the impact of robust vaccination information websites should be studied in other settings.
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Primary care provider encounters are associated with health and well-being; however, limited evidence guides optimal primary care provider rate of visit, referred to as encounter cadence. This study measures associations between primary care provider encounter cadence and diabetes outcomes among individuals newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ⋯ More frequent and regular primary care provider encounters are associated with an increased likelihood of non-insulin diabetes medication adherence. These findings contribute to data needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for primary care provider encounter cadence for those newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.