American journal of preventive medicine
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E-cigarettes were introduced to support smoking cessation, but their popularity has increased among nonsmokers, challenging current perspectives on their safety and effectiveness as a public health intervention. The objective of this systematic review was to identify and synthesize current evidence on the influence of social factors on e-cigarette intentions and use. ⋯ Given the increased popularity among nonsmokers and the potential for advertising to increase e-cigarette use, closer public health monitoring of e-cigarette uptake by nonsmokers is warranted. Future primary research should be designed to measure how social factors affect smokers and nonsmokers differently.
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Although the use of alternative tobacco products has been increasing among women and adolescents, research on the use of ENDS during pregnancy has been limited. This study examines the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of ENDS and cigarette use during pregnancy. ⋯ Pregnant women across the U.S. are using ENDS and cigarettes. Surveillance is essential to continue monitoring trends in prenatal use of tobacco products and understand the implications on pregnancy and infant outcomes.
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Cancer risk and screening data are limited in their ability to inform local interventions to reduce the burden of cancer in vulnerable populations. The San Francisco Health Information National Trends Survey was developed and administered to assess the use of cancer-related information among under-represented populations in San Francisco to provide baseline data for the San Francisco Cancer Initiative. ⋯ Screening adherence varied by race, ethnicity, and screening type. A collaborative, community-based approach led to a large, diverse sample and may serve as a model for recruiting diverse populations to add knowledge about cancer prevention preferences and behaviors. Results suggest targeted outreach efforts are needed to address disparate cancer screening behaviors within this diverse population.
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This study examines the association between local healthcare intensity and drug death rates. ⋯ In the U.S., between 2003 and 2014, high medical care intensity was associated with elevated opioid death rates and lower healthcare quality.
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Harnessing engagement in online searching and social media may provide complementary information for monitoring alcohol use, informing prevention and policy evaluation, and extending knowledge available from national surveys. ⋯ Strong associations were found among individual alcohol use and state-level alcohol-related searching/posting measures, which were moderated by the strength of state alcohol policies. Findings support using novel personally generated data to monitor alcohol use and possibly evaluate effects of alcohol control policies.