American journal of preventive medicine
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Assessment and counseling by healthcare providers can successfully increase physical activity; however, a valid instrument to effectively measure physical activity is needed. This study examines the validity of the Exercise Vital Sign tool by comparing Exercise Vital Sign data collected at Kaiser Permanente Northwest with accelerometry data. ⋯ The Exercise Vital Sign is a useful physical activity assessment tool that correctly identifies the majority of adults who do and do not meet physical activity guidelines.
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As cannabis use rises among adults in the U.S., driving under the influence of cannabis represents a public health concern. ⋯ Findings suggest that prevention efforts should focus on frequent and problem cannabis users and should include content related to other illicit drug use and other drug-impaired driving.
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Intimate partner violence is associated with adverse health consequences among people with diagnosed HIV, which could have implications for disease progression and transmission. However, nationally representative estimates of intimate partner violence among people with diagnosed HIV are lacking. Investigators used nationally representative data to estimate the prevalence of physical violence by an intimate partner among adults with diagnosed HIV and examine the differences by selected characteristics. ⋯ This study's findings support the need for screening people with diagnosed HIV for intimate partner violence and offering linkage to supportive services. Screening for intimate partner violence among people with diagnosed HIV, coupled with supportive services and counseling, may lead to improved safety and HIV clinical outcomes and decreased need for emergency and inpatient medical services.
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Observational Study
Willingness to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in the U.S.: Representative Longitudinal Evidence From April to October 2020.
Vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed in unprecedented time. However, the effectiveness of any vaccine is dictated by the proportion of the population willing to be vaccinated. This observational population-based study examines intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19 throughout the pandemic. ⋯ Intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19 have declined rapidly during the pandemic, and close to half of Americans are undecided or unwilling to be vaccinated.