American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Risk Education Program Decreases Leftover Prescription Opioid Retention: An RCT.
Retaining leftover prescription opioids poses the risks of diversion, misuse, overdose, and death for youth and other family members. This study examined whether a new educational program would enhance risk perceptions and disposal intentions among parents and decrease their retention of leftover prescription opioids. ⋯ A scenario-specific educational intervention emphasizing the potential risks that leftover opioids pose to children and that provided risk mitigation advice decreased parents' retention of their child's leftover opioid medication. Removing leftover prescription drugs from homes with children may be an important step to reducing diversion, accidental poisoning, and misuse among youth.
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Geographic and urbanization differences in female suicide trends across the U.S. necessitates suicide prevention efforts on the basis of geographic variations. The purpose of this study was to assess female suicide rates by mechanism within Census divisions and by urbanicity to help inform geographically tailored approaches for suicide prevention strategies. ⋯ Female suicide mechanisms vary by urbanization level, and this variation differs by region. These results could inform female suicide prevention strategies on the basis of mechanism, urbanization, and geographic region.
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This study assesses the proportion of New York City Medicaid participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who did not have any claims for diabetes medication for an entire year and the association between nonuse of diabetes medication and subsequent hospitalizations. ⋯ Medication use and adherence are important for managing diabetes. However, almost 30% of New York City Medicaid participants with type 2 diabetes had no claims for diabetes medication for an entire year. Significantly higher hospitalization rates among this group warrant attention from providers and policy makers.
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Neighborhood SES and Cognitive Function Among Hispanic/Latinx Residents: Why Where You Live Matters.
Few studies have examined the impacts of neighborhood SES and individual ethnicity and SES characteristics on cognitive function in aging populations. Hispanics/Latinx are more likely to have cognitive impairment and be community dwellers than non-Hispanic Whites. Neighborhood factors can have greater impacts on the relationship between Hispanics/Latinx and cognitive function. This study examines these relationships in Nueces County, Texas. ⋯ Findings suggest that neighborhood SES could further impact cognitive function independent of individual characteristics. This could be attributed to minimal resources in communities with lower SES, impacting policies and programs for older individuals, particularly those with worse cognitive function.