American journal of preventive medicine
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The U.S. has required chain food establishments-including supermarkets-to display calorie labels on prepared (i.e., ready-to-eat) foods since 2018. Implementation of this supermarket calorie labeling policy reduced purchases of prepared foods from supermarkets, but it remains unknown whether the policy is cost-effective. ⋯ A policy requiring calorie labels on prepared foods in supermarkets was projected to be cost-saving or cost-effective and lead to reductions in obesity across all racial, ethnic, and income groups.
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In guidance published in February 2020, the FDA described their intent to prioritize enforcement against the sale of flavored cartridge-based Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) except tobacco and menthol flavors. This guidance was specific to cartridge-based ENDS and did not apply to other ENDS types or e-liquids sold in the U.S.. It remains unknown if use of certain types of ENDS devices and flavors changed following the publication of this guidance. ⋯ Federal-level tobacco control actions taken in the U.S. in early 2020 prioritized enforcement against "any flavored, cartridge-based ENDS product (other than a tobacco- or menthol-flavored ENDS product)." Based on this analysis, there was a shift following the policy to menthol or mint-flavored ENDS and disposable-style ENDS.
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Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with hypertension in women, but few population studies have examined findings among adolescents. This retrospective study examines PCOS and hypertensive blood pressure in a large adolescent population receiving routine healthcare. ⋯ Nearly 1 in 5 adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome had hypertensive blood pressure. Polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with 25% increased adjusted odds of hypertensive blood pressure, emphasizing the importance of blood pressure surveillance in this population with higher cardiometabolic risk.
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Food as Medicine is increasingly recognized as an important strategy for addressing the related challenges of food insecurity and nutrition-related chronic conditions. Food as Medicine refers to integration of food-based nutrition interventions into healthcare to prevent and treat disease. However, there is limited evidence to understand the effectiveness of Food as Medicine. ⋯ R4H resulted in improvements in diet and multiple clinical health outcomes, such as non-HDL cholesterol and HbA1c.