American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Sugary Beverage Text and Pictorial Warnings: A Randomized Trial.
Multiple U.S. localities have introduced legislation requiring sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) warnings. This study effects of different warning designs on beverage selections and perceptions. ⋯ SSB warning policies may be most effective if they mandate images of beverages' added sugar content accompanied by warning text.
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Early childhood is a key time for the development of physical activity behaviors and physical literacy. A growing proportion of children spend a significant portion of their daytime in early childhood education and care settings where an early childhood educator cares for them. This systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42018087249) aimed to identify the differences between effective and noneffective educator-led interventions with a goal to improve physical literacy and/or physical activity in children aged 3-5 years in early childhood education and care settings. ⋯ This review was limited by a high risk of bias and inconsistency in reporting results across interventions. Reporting physical activity by minutes per hour and reporting both sub and total scores in physical literacy assessments will allow for greater cross-comparison between trials. Future training of educators should be underpinned by theory and incorporate ongoing support and objective fidelity checks.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Contactless App-Based Intervention to Improve Health Behaviors in Airline Pilots: A Randomized Trial.
There is a need for enhanced preventive health care among airline pilots to mitigate the prevalence of cardiometabolic health risk factors. ⋯ Study findings show that an app-based health behavior intervention can elicit positive cardiometabolic health changes among airline pilots over 16 weeks, associated with trivial to large effect sizes.
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Focusing on subpopulations that express the intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccination but are unvaccinated may improve the yield of COVID-19 vaccination efforts. ⋯ A sizable percentage of adults open to receiving COVID-19 vaccination remain in several demographic groups. Emphasizing engagement of persons who are unvaccinated in some racial/ethnic groups, aged 18-39 years, without health insurance, or with lower income may reach more persons open to vaccination.
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Historical and recent population health issues necessitate the goal of educating and preparing a transdisciplinary workforce with population health knowledge and competence to be able to develop, implement, and evaluate innovative and feasible solutions that not only address multifaceted community health problems downstream but also to be able to predict and prevent those factors that contribute to an inequitable health burden upstream. To identify where population health education is already shared among multiple disciplines, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Academic Partnerships to Improve Health program conceptualized the Health In All Education initiative that was implemented in partnership with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research. ⋯ This article introduces the Health in All Education Learning Outcomes Framework, a set of shared population health concepts identified on the basis of discipline-representative consensus. The following domains were identified as having transdisciplinary applicability on the basis of established public health curricula, competency, and learning outcome models: determinants of health, evidence-based approaches, population health focus, interprofessional practice, community collaboration, environmental health, occupational health, global health, diversity/cultural competence, health systems, finance and budgeting, and health law and policy.