American journal of preventive medicine
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Health-related social needs are known drivers of health and health outcomes, yet work to date to examine health-related social needs using ICD-10 Z-codes remains limited. This study seeks to evaluate the differences in the prevalence of conditions as well as utilization and cost between patients with and without health-related social needs. ⋯ This study shows the increased prevalence of numerous high-priority conditions as well as increased utilization and costs among patients with documented health-related social needs.
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Gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increase the risk for future adverse health outcomes in the pregnant woman and baby, and disparities exist in the rates of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy by race/ethnicity. The objective of this study is to identify the differences in gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy rates by maternal place of birth within race/ethnicity groups. ⋯ In the U.S., gestational diabetes mellitus rates were higher and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy rates were lower in women born outside the U.S. than in those born in the U.S. in most race/ethnicity groups.
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High and increasing levels of pregnancy-related mortality and morbidity in the U.S. indicate that the underlying health status of reproductive-aged women may be far from optimal, yet few studies have examined mortality trends and disparities exclusively among this population. ⋯ Increasing mortality among reproductive-aged women has substantial implications for maternal, women's, and children's health. Given the high correlation between pregnancy-related mortality and all-cause mortality at the state level, addressing the structural factors that shape mortality risks may have the greatest likelihood of improving women's health outcomes across the life course.
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Attributes of the neighborhood-built environment are associated with self-reported physical activity, but only a few studies have concentrated on device-measured physical activity in Latin America. This study examines the associations of perceived neighborhood-built environment attributes, device-measured sedentary time, and light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adults from 8 Latin American countries. ⋯ These findings have implications for policy recommendations, which can guide policies to promote physical activity in the region. Land use mix-diversity, walking/cycling facilities, aesthetics, and safety from traffic can maintain or increase the levels of light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among Latin American adults.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the association between Medicaid expansion in Louisiana and cancer mortality by race and sex. ⋯ Medicaid expansion in Louisiana was associated with a reduction in cancer mortality for Black female and male adults. Estimates of the association between Medicaid expansion and cancer mortality in Louisiana directly relate to the potential impacts for states that have yet to adopt Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act, which are primarily located in the Southern U.S.