American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Weight-Gain Reduction Among 2-Year College Students: The CHOICES RCT.
The young adult years have been recognized as an influential period for excess weight gain. Non-traditional students and those attending 2-year community colleges are at particularly high risk for a range of adverse weight-related outcomes. ⋯ The intervention was not successful in achieving BMI differences between treatment groups. However, an 8% reduction in the prevalence of overweight and obesity over time may have population-level significance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Cluster Randomized Trial of a Personalized Multi-Condition Risk Assessment in Primary Care.
Personal risk for multiple conditions should be assessed in primary care. This study evaluated whether collection of risk factors to generate electronic health record (EHR)-linked health risk appraisal (HRA) for coronary heart disease, diabetes, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer was associated with improved patient-provider communication, risk assessment, and plans for breast cancer screening. ⋯ Patient-reported risk factors and EHR-linked multi-condition HRAs in primary care can modestly improve communication and promote accuracy of self-perceived risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
All Nations Breath of Life: A Randomized Trial of Smoking Cessation for American Indians.
American Indians have the highest cigarette smoking prevalence of any racial/ethnic group in the U.S. There is currently no effective empirically based smoking-cessation program for American Indians. The purpose of this study was to determine if a culturally tailored smoking-cessation program, All Nations Breath of Life (ANBL), is more effective than a non-tailored cessation program among American Indian smokers. ⋯ The culturally tailored smoking-cessation program ANBL may or may not be an effective program in promoting cessation at 12 weeks and 6 months. Participants in the culturally tailored ANBL program were approximately twice as likely to quit smoking at 6 months compared with the CBP program, using self-reported abstinence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Influence of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warnings: A Randomized Trial of Adolescents' Choices and Beliefs.
California, New York, and the cities of San Francisco and Baltimore have introduced bills requiring health-related warning labels for sugar-sweetened beverages. This study measures the extent to which these warning labels influence adolescents' beliefs and hypothetical choices. ⋯ Health-related warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages improved adolescents' recognition of the sugar content of such beverages and reduced hypothetical choices to buy sugar-sweetened beverages.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Web-Based Intervention for Transitioning Smokers From Inpatient to Outpatient Care: An RCT.
Smoking-cessation follow-up care after hospitalization is known to be effective. Cost-effective and disseminable interventions adoptable by hospitals are needed. ⋯ Lack of difference between treatment arms suggests a strong effect for UC, WI was not effective, or both. Low intervention engagement may be partially responsible. Self-reported abstinence rates were relatively high in both arms, although the biochemically verified rates indicate over-reporting of abstinence. These findings suggest brief bedside counseling for all hospitalized smokers is beneficial.