American journal of preventive medicine
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Assessment and counseling by healthcare providers can successfully increase physical activity; however, a valid instrument to effectively measure physical activity is needed. This study examines the validity of the Exercise Vital Sign tool by comparing Exercise Vital Sign data collected at Kaiser Permanente Northwest with accelerometry data. ⋯ The Exercise Vital Sign is a useful physical activity assessment tool that correctly identifies the majority of adults who do and do not meet physical activity guidelines.
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Although evidence indicates that Black gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men experience vast psychological and behavioral health inequities, most research has focused on individual rather than structural drivers of these inequities. This study examines the associations between structural racism and anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer policies and the psychological and behavioral health of Black and White sexual minority men. ⋯ Results highlight the intersectional nature of structural oppression and suggest that racist and anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer policies must be repealed to rectify health inequities facing Black sexual minority men.
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As cannabis use rises among adults in the U.S., driving under the influence of cannabis represents a public health concern. ⋯ Findings suggest that prevention efforts should focus on frequent and problem cannabis users and should include content related to other illicit drug use and other drug-impaired driving.
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Review Meta Analysis
Paid Sick Leave and Healthcare Utilization in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
The U.S. is the only industrialized country in the world with no national policy mandating paid sick leave for workers. This study systematically reviews and quantifies the impact of paid sick leave on the use of healthcare services among employed adults. ⋯ Paid sick leave is likely to be an effective way to increase the use of primary and preventive healthcare services in the U.S. Further studies should be carried out to track outcomes over a longer period and to compare the effect of the number of paid sick days in relation to healthcare utilization.
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Modifiable lifestyle behaviors represent a central target for public health interventions. This study investigates the association between adherence to 4 modifiable lifestyle recommendations and all-cause, cancer, or cardiovascular disease mortality. ⋯ Findings suggest that adherence to modifiable lifestyle recommendations is associated with a lower risk of mortality from all causes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, underlining the importance of supporting adherence to national guidelines for lifestyle recommendations.