American journal of preventive medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
The Association Between Previous Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Infection Risk and Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Influenza immunisation may be associated with reduced risk of COVID infection (RR 95% CI 0.76-0.90).
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Review Meta Analysis
Allostatic Load and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Allostatic load, a measure of stress-related physiologic dysregulation, is associated with numerous mortality risk factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the relationship between high allostatic load (i.e., increased dysregulation versus low dysregulation) and mortality (cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality). ⋯ In this review of relatively good-quality studies, high allostatic load was associated with an increased mortality risk of 22% for all-cause mortality and 31% for cardiovascular disease mortality. Thus, allostatic load is an emerging and potent modifiable risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality that shows promise as a prognostic indicator for mortality. The heterogeneity in allostatic load assessment across studies highlights the need for standardized measurement. The findings underscore the importance of allostatic load's dynamic nature, which may be especially relevant for mitigating mortality risk in younger adults. Because older adults are oversampled, future allostatic load research should prioritize younger adults and longitudinal monitoring and specific cardiovascular disease mortality risk associations and individualize behavioral and lifestyle targets for reducing allostatic load.
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Obesity prevalence among children and adolescents has risen sharply, yet there is a limited understanding of the age-specific dynamics of obesity as there is no single nationally representative cohort following children into young adulthood. Investigators constructed a pooled data set of 5 nationally representative panels and modeled age-specific obesity incidence from childhood into young adulthood. ⋯ Although many children become obese before the age of 10, obesity incidence rises from about 15 years into early adulthood, suggesting that interventions are required at multiple developmental stages.
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Review Meta Analysis
Association Between E-Cigarettes and Asthma in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Numerous studies have revealed the relationship between E-cigarettes and asthma but have shown inconsistent results. This study systematically evaluated the potential association between E-cigarette use and asthma in adolescents. ⋯ This study shows that both current and ever E-cigarette use have significant associations with asthma in adolescents. This knowledge might provide potential evidence for developing primary prevention strategies and serve as a reference for public health policy.
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Review Meta Analysis
Interventions for Reversing Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Several interventions have been found to be effective for reversing prediabetes in adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare the effectiveness of such interventions. ⋯ Although several pharmacological approaches can reverse prediabetes, lifestyle modification provides the strongest evidence of effectiveness and should remain the recommended approach to address this condition.