American journal of preventive medicine
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Prescription Drug Monitoring Program data can provide insights into a patient's likelihood of an opioid overdose, yet clinicians and public health officials lack indicators to identify individuals at highest risk accurately. A predictive model was developed and validated using Prescription Drug Monitoring Program prescription histories to identify those at risk for fatal overdose because of any opioid or illicit opioids. ⋯ A model for predicting fatal opioid overdoses was developed using Prescription Drug Monitoring Program data. Given the recent national epidemic of deaths involving heroin and fentanyl, it is noteworthy that the model performed equally well in identifying those at risk for overdose deaths from both illicit and prescription opioids.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Online Randomized Controlled Trials of Restaurant Sodium Warning Labels.
Policymakers are interested in requiring chain restaurants to display sodium warning labels on menus to reduce sodium consumption. This study examined the influence of label design on consumers' hypothetical choices, meal perceptions, and knowledge. ⋯ Traffic light and red stop sign warning labels significantly reduced sodium ordered compared with a control. Warning labels also increased knowledge about high sodium content in restaurant meals. Designs with warning text are likely to improve consumer understanding.
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This study aimed to better understand patient and caregiver perspectives on social risk screening across different healthcare settings. ⋯ This article is part of a supplement entitled Identifying and Intervening on Social Needs in Clinical Settings: Evidence and Evidence Gaps, which is sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Kaiser Permanente, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
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To counter the high prevalence of flavored tobacco use among youth, many U.S. localities have passed policies that restrict youth access to these products. This study aims to evaluate the short-term impact of a flavored tobacco restriction policy on youth access to, and use of, flavored tobacco products in a Massachusetts community. ⋯ Policies that restrict the sale of flavored tobacco have the potential to curb youth tobacco use in as few as 6 months.
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This paper describes the adoption of an electronic health record-based social determinants of health screening tool in a national network of more than 100 community health centers. ⋯ This article is part of a supplement entitled Identifying and Intervening on Social Needs in Clinical Settings: Evidence and Evidence Gaps, which is sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Kaiser Permanente, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.