American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Addressing Parents' Vaccine Concerns: A Randomized Trial of a Social Media Intervention.
Successful strategies are needed to address parental vaccine hesitancy, a significant public health issue. The study objective was to assess whether an Internet-based platform with vaccine information and interactive social media components improved parents' vaccine-related attitudes. ⋯ Among vaccine-hesitant parents, an Internet-based intervention improved parents' attitudes about vaccines.
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American Indian populations are believed to have relatively high tobacco use and alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy compared with other populations despite little evidence. ⋯ After adjusting for covariates, no differences by race in smoking rates before or during pregnancy were observed and American Indian mothers who smoked were more likely to smoke fewer cigarettes and quit smoking during pregnancy than white mothers. Lower alcohol consumption among American Indian mothers before pregnancy challenges the commonly held belief of elevated alcohol consumption among American Indians compared with other races.
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The 2006 introduction of human papillomavirus vaccine targeted against genotypes 6, 11, 16, and 18 should result in decreased cervical dysplasia in vaccinated women. However, new cervical cancer guidelines to increase screening intervals complicate interpretation of trends. The hypothesis is that cervical dysplasia would decrease only in young vaccine-eligible women, and not older women. ⋯ Diagnosis of CIN2+ decreased in women aged 18-24 years, but not in older women. Both changes in screening and human papillomavirus vaccination could have contributed to the decline of CIN2+ in young women.
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Understanding the geographic patterns of suicide can help inform targeted prevention efforts. Although state-level variation in age-adjusted suicide rates has been well documented, trends at the county-level have been largely unexplored. This study uses small area estimation to produce stable county-level estimates of suicide rates to examine geographic, temporal, and urban-rural patterns in suicide from 2005 to 2015. ⋯ Mapping county-level suicide rates provides greater granularity in describing geographic patterns of suicide and contributes to a better understanding of changes in suicide rates over time. Findings may inform more targeted prevention efforts as well as future research on community-level risk and protective factors related to suicide mortality.