American journal of preventive medicine
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High tobacco smoking prevalence in people with low SES or serious psychological distress in the U.S. may increase cardiovascular disease risk among these marginalized subpopulations. The authors estimate how smoking disparities contribute to cardiovascular disease disparities. ⋯ Interventions focused on reducing smoking disparities could substantially reduce cardiovascular disease in marginalized subpopulations.
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In 2021, the USPSTF lowered the recommended age of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening initiation from 50 to 45 years. This study assessed clinician response to the updated guideline in a major health system. ⋯ Rapidly following the guideline change, clinicians increased their screening ordering rate for patients aged 45-49 years, indicating almost complete uptake of the recommendation.
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Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with hypertension in women, but few population studies have examined findings among adolescents. This retrospective study examines PCOS and hypertensive blood pressure in a large adolescent population receiving routine healthcare. ⋯ Nearly 1 in 5 adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome had hypertensive blood pressure. Polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with 25% increased adjusted odds of hypertensive blood pressure, emphasizing the importance of blood pressure surveillance in this population with higher cardiometabolic risk.
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Observational Study
Hormones, stress, and heart disease in transgender women with HIV in LITE Plus.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death among transgender women and people with HIV. Exogenous estrogen and psychosocial stressors are known risk factors for CVD. Yet, few studies have used biomarkers to examine the role of stress in CVD risk among transgender women with HIV (TWHIV). This analysis examined whether stress moderates relationships between gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) duration and CVD risk among TWHIV. ⋯ Stress plays an important role in CVD in TWHIV. More research is needed on non-GAHT factors, which influence CVD health among transgender women.