American journal of preventive medicine
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Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with hypertension in women, but few population studies have examined findings among adolescents. This retrospective study examines PCOS and hypertensive blood pressure in a large adolescent population receiving routine healthcare. ⋯ Nearly 1 in 5 adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome had hypertensive blood pressure. Polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with 25% increased adjusted odds of hypertensive blood pressure, emphasizing the importance of blood pressure surveillance in this population with higher cardiometabolic risk.
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Food as Medicine is increasingly recognized as an important strategy for addressing the related challenges of food insecurity and nutrition-related chronic conditions. Food as Medicine refers to integration of food-based nutrition interventions into healthcare to prevent and treat disease. However, there is limited evidence to understand the effectiveness of Food as Medicine. ⋯ R4H resulted in improvements in diet and multiple clinical health outcomes, such as non-HDL cholesterol and HbA1c.
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Observational Study
Hormones, stress, and heart disease in transgender women with HIV in LITE Plus.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death among transgender women and people with HIV. Exogenous estrogen and psychosocial stressors are known risk factors for CVD. Yet, few studies have used biomarkers to examine the role of stress in CVD risk among transgender women with HIV (TWHIV). This analysis examined whether stress moderates relationships between gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) duration and CVD risk among TWHIV. ⋯ Stress plays an important role in CVD in TWHIV. More research is needed on non-GAHT factors, which influence CVD health among transgender women.
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In guidance published in February 2020, the FDA described their intent to prioritize enforcement against the sale of flavored cartridge-based Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) except tobacco and menthol flavors. This guidance was specific to cartridge-based ENDS and did not apply to other ENDS types or e-liquids sold in the U.S.. It remains unknown if use of certain types of ENDS devices and flavors changed following the publication of this guidance. ⋯ Federal-level tobacco control actions taken in the U.S. in early 2020 prioritized enforcement against "any flavored, cartridge-based ENDS product (other than a tobacco- or menthol-flavored ENDS product)." Based on this analysis, there was a shift following the policy to menthol or mint-flavored ENDS and disposable-style ENDS.
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The aim of this study was to determine the associations between type 2 diabetes or prediabetes and loneliness and related social experiences in young adults, a population at increasingly high risk of type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Loneliness and related experiences are strongly associated with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in young adults. Whether these factors could be leveraged to reduce type 2 diabetes risk should be investigated.