American journal of preventive medicine
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Comparative Study
Case-control study of discharge from the U.S. Army for disabling occupational knee injury: the role of gender, race/ethnicity, and age.
Occupational injuries are responsible for more lost time from work, productivity, and working years of life than any other health condition in either civilian or noncombat military sectors. Injuries, not illnesses, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among U.S. Army personnel. We examined the separate and joint roles of gender, race/ethnicity, and age in the odds of discharge from the Army for disabling knee injury. ⋯ Age, race/ethnicity, and gender interactions are important in occupational injury. Differences in risk may be related to differences in work assignments, leisure activities, physical or physiological differences, or the ways in which disability compensation is granted.
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Although studies of clinical samples have identified links between childhood abuse, especially sexual abuse, and adult health-risk behaviors, the generalizability of these findings to the population and the relative importance of different types of abuse in men and women are not known. ⋯ Efforts to prevent or remediate adult health-risk behaviors should consider the possibility of a history of childhood abuse, as one third to one half of those reporting HIV-risk behaviors or heavy drinking in a general-population survey also reported childhood abuse.
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Based on a review of the current literature and recommendations, the American College of Preventive Medicine presents a public policy statement on needle-exchange programs.
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Comparative Study
Demographic predictors of cancer screening among Filipino and Korean immigrants in the United States.
Little is known about cancer-screening practices of various Asian subgroups, and even less is known about factors that may predict screening in these populations. ⋯ These two variables-percent of lifetime in the United States and ever having had a checkup when no symptoms were present-can alert a physician that cancer-screening tests may be overdue among Korean and Filipino immigrants in the United States. Future research should identify predictors of cancer screening among other Asian immigrant groups and U.S.-born Asian women to assist in targeting intervention efforts.