American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Overweight and obesity prevention for adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial in a school setting.
Given the increasing prevalence of obesity among youth over the past decade, prevention has become an international public health priority. ⋯ Although the screening and care strategy is an effective way to prevent, at 2 years, overweight and obesity among adolescents in a high school setting, its effects over and above no strategy intervention were small.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Aid-assisted decision making and colorectal cancer screening: a randomized controlled trial.
Shared decision making (SDM) is a widely recommended yet unproven strategy for increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake. Previous trials of decision aids to increase SDM and CRC screening uptake have yielded mixed results. ⋯ Decision aid-assisted SDM has a modest impact on CRC screening uptake. A decision aid plus personalized risk assessment tool is no more effective than a decision aid alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Mailed intervention to promote sun protection of children: a randomized controlled trial.
Sun exposure, especially during childhood, is the most important preventable risk factor for skin cancer, yet few effective interventions to reduce exposure exist. ⋯ The level of behavior change associated with this single-modality intervention is not likely sufficient to reduce skin cancer risk. However, the intervention shows promise for inclusion in longer-term, multicomponent interventions that have sufficient intensity to affect skin cancer incidence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Family history assessment: impact on disease risk perceptions.
Family Healthware™, a tool developed by the CDC, is a self-administered web-based family history tool that assesses familial risk for six diseases (coronary heart disease; stroke; diabetes; and colon, breast, and ovarian cancers) and provides personalized prevention messages based on risk. The Family Healthware Impact Trial (FHITr) set out to examine the clinical utility of presenting personalized preventive messages tailored to family history risk for improving health behaviors. ⋯ Family Healthware was effective at increasing disease risk perceptions, particularly for metabolic conditions, among those who underestimated their risk. Results from this study also demonstrate the relatively resistant nature of risk perceptions.
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Multicenter Study
Risk and direct protective factors for youth violence: results from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Multisite Violence Prevention Project.
This study was conducted as part of a multisite effort to examine risk and direct protective factors for youth violence. ⋯ This study identified some factors than should be areas of interest for effective prevention programs. Some ethnic differences also should be considered in planning of prevention.