Palliative medicine
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Palliative medicine · Nov 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized crossover study comparing the efficacy and tolerability of a novel once-daily morphine preparation (MXL capsules) with MST Continus tablets in cancer patients with severe pain.
The efficacy, tolerability and 24-h duration of action of MXL capsules, a novel once-daily morphine preparation, were compared with twice-daily morphine tablets (MST Continus tablets) in patients with severe cancer pain. Eighty-five patients were recruited to this randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, crossover study. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in the number of occasions that escape medication was required, the pain scores at each of three time points throughout the day, and the number of nights woken due to pain. ⋯ Sixteen patients withdrew from the study, of whom 13 withdrew for nontreatment-related reasons. There was no difference between the preparations in terms of expressed treatment preference. MXL capsules were shown to provide effective analgesia over the 24-h dosing interval which was comparable to that of MST Continus tablets administered twice daily.
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Palliative medicine · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialNon-pharmacological intervention for breathlessness in lung cancer.
To evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological intervention for breathlessness in lung cancer on breathlessness ratings and patient functioning. ⋯ Lung cancer patients suffering from breathlessness benefited from this rehabilitative approach to breathlessness management and strategies employed in this pilot study warrant further multicentre research. Macmillan nurses and palliative care teams are recommended to explore the potential of adopting similar approaches.
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Palliative medicine · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAn investigation of the ability of oral naloxone to correct opioid-related constipation in patients with advanced cancer.
A dose-ranging study of the use of oral naloxone in opioid-related constipation in patients with far-advanced cancer is reported. Naloxone doses were calculated as a percentage of the morphine dose each patient was receiving. Seventeen patients entered the first phase of the study, which had a randomised, double-blind design. ⋯ It is concluded that oral naloxone at a daily dose of 20% or more of the prevailing 24 h morphine dose is a potentially valuable therapy for opioid-related constipation. However, opioid withdrawal was observed and it is suggested that initial individual naloxone doses should not exceed 5 mg. Further research is needed into the oral absorption of naloxone, as well as further studies of clinical efficacy and dosing.
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Palliative medicine · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized controlled trial of the cost-effectiveness of a district co-ordinating service for terminally ill cancer patients.
The objective of this paper is to compare the cost effectiveness of a co-ordination service with standard services for terminally ill cancer patients with a prognosis of less than one year. We designed a randomized controlled trial, with patients randomized by the general practice with which they were registered. Co-ordination group patients received the assistance of two nurse coordinators whose role was to ensure that patients had access to appropriate services. ⋯ In conclusion, the co-ordination service for cancer patients who were terminally ill with a prognosis of less than one year was more cost effective than standard services, due to achieving the same outcomes at lower service use, particularly inpatient days in acute hospital. Assuming that the observed effects are real, improved co-ordination of palliative care offers the potential for considerable savings. Further research is needed to explore this issue.