Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Oct 2011
Remote ischaemic preconditioning by brief hind limb ischaemia protects against renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury: the role of adenosine.
Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a strategy to protect a target organ against ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) by inducing short-term ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a remote organ. RIPC of the kidney by temporary limb occlusion would be a safe, inexpensive and noninvasive method to prevent renal damage in, e.g., transplantation and aortic surgery. We investigated whether brief hind limb occlusion can protect against renal IRI and whether this protection is adenosine dependent. ⋯ Brief hind limb ischaemia induces protection against renal IRI, which makes this a promising strategy to prevent renal IRI in a clinical setting. Bilateral RIPC was more effective than unilateral RIPC, and this protection occurs via an adenosine-independent mechanism.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Oct 2011
Early nephrology consultation can have an impact on outcome of acute kidney injury patients.
Patients who develop acute kidney injury (AKI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) have extremely high rates of mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of AKI patients evaluated and not evaluated by nephrologists in ICU and generate the hypothesis of the relationship between timing of nephrology consultation and outcome. ⋯ In AKI, patients evaluated by nephrologists seem to be more seriously ill than those not evaluated and present similar mortality rate. The delayed nephrology consultation can be associated with increased ICU mortality.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Sep 2011
Soluble CD40 ligand is predictive of combined cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients on haemodialysis at a relatively short-term follow-up.
We tested the hypothesis that soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), a biomarker of proatherogenic inflammation, may be predictive of cardiovascular (CV) events in a subgroup of patients from the RISCAVID study, an observational and prospective study in patients on haemodialysis (HD). ⋯ These observational results support the prognostic value of sCD40L in end-stage renal disease, thus providing a useful tool to better stratify CV prognosis in these patients.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Sep 2011
Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase genotypes and activities and the progression of chronic kidney disease.
Oxidative stress has been linked to the progression of disease, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study was to determine the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase and their activities and the progression of CKD. ⋯ CKD patients with the SOD Ala/Val and Val/Val genotypes have a greater decline in kidney function than those with the Ala/Ala genotype.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Sep 2011
Multicenter StudySerum phosphorus predicts incident chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
Elevations in serum phosphorus are associated with renal decline in animal models and progression of established chronic kidney disease (CKD) in human observational studies. We examined whether serum phosphorus levels increase the risk of incident CKD or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in two population-based prospective cohort studies. ⋯ In prospective studies of the general population, serum phosphorus levels in the upper-normal range were associated with a doubling in the risk of developing incident CKD and ESRD.