The Journal of laryngology and otology
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Review Case Reports
Periodic alternating nystagmus associated with Arnold-Chiari malformation.
The Arnold-Chiari malformation type I is a rare congenital condition characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils into the upper cervical spinal tract. Various otoneurological manifestations occur in patients with the disease, which has usually been associated with a downbeat type of nystagmus. ⋯ The patient had a complete otoneurological examination and vestibular function testing. Diagnosis was established by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Review Comparative Study
Comparative study of the laryngeal innervation in humans and animals employed in laryngeal transplantation research.
Laryngeal transplantation is receiving increased attention. Re-innervation of the transplanted larynx is critical for a successful functional outcome. ⋯ We present a review of the anatomical course and regional branching patterns of the laryngeal nerves in both humans and animals currently being employed in laryngeal transplantation. The clinical and surgical implications are also discussed.
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This report documents an unusual case of buccal mucosa swelling due to a giant (25 x 13 mm), parotid duct sialolith. Review of the literature disclosed that this is the largest parotid sialolith ever reported. Diagnostic imaging and treatment are described.
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Review Case Reports
An unusual case of stridor due to osteophytes of the cervical spine: (Forestier's disease).
Stridor is a noisy breathing caused by compromised airway in the larynx and trachea. The causes can either be due to intrinsic or extrinsic compression. Stridor resulting from extrinsic compression due to anterior cervical osteophytes is rare. ⋯ Stridor is a rare manifestation of DISH and it certainly represents the most life-threatening one. Only a few cases have been reported in the English literature and are mainly secondary to impaired function of the vocal folds, or postcricoid ulceration and oedema. We present such a case, in that stridor was the result of direct airway obstruction by the osteophytic mass and an emergency tracheostomy had to be performed to establish an airway.
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Focal myositis is an unusual inflammatory lesion of skeletal muscle. It usually affects the extremities, but can present rarely in the head and neck region. We present a case of an elderly woman with focal myositis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and review of the previous literature on this subject.