Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Feb 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAntiemetic activity of ondansetron in acute gastroenteritis.
The mechanism of nausea and vomiting associated with gastroenteritis is unknown. The role of 5-HT3 receptors in emesis associated with gastroenteritis was investigated in paediatric patients. ⋯ Ondansetron, a 5HT3 receptor antagonist, was significantly superior to placebo in preventing emesis associated with acute gastroenteritis, in paediatric patients. Therefore, serotonin, acting through 5HT3 receptors, may play a role in this form of emesis.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Aug 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSymptomatic and endoscopic duodenal ulcer relapse rates 12 months following Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment with omeprazole and amoxycillin with or without metronidazole.
To determine the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication with omeprazole and amoxycillin, with or without metronidazole, on the 12-month course of duodenal ulcer disease. ⋯ OAM eradicates H. pylori in significantly more patients than OA, but successful H. pylori eradication with either OAM or OA predisposes to low endoscopic and symptomatic relapse rates for duodenal ulcer patients when followed up for 12 months.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of D2-dopamine receptor antagonist levosulpiride on diabetic cholecystoparesis: a double-blind crossover study.
Abnormal gall-bladder motility has been reported in diabetics. The objective was to evaluate the effect of chronic D2-dopamine receptor inhibition on gall-bladder emptying in diabetic patients. ⋯ These results show that chronic oral administration of the D2-dopamine antagonist levosulpiride has a significant effect on gall-bladder motility in diabetic patients.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialLow dose aspirin: selective inhibition of rectal dialysis thromboxane B2 in healthy volunteers.
To investigate the degree and selectivity of rectal thromboxane inhibition by low dose aspirin and there by investigate the contribution of platelet thromboxane to rectal thromboxane. ⋯ Low dose aspirin will selectively inhibit a proportion of rectal thromboxane and may have prophylactic therapeutic potential in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Oct 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialGastric acid suppression is greater during intravenous ranitidine infusion versus bolus injections of famotidine.
It has been proposed that famotidine may be effective in maintaining intragastric pH > or = 4 for up to 12 h with a single i.v. 20 mg bolus injection and thereby prevent acute stress-related mucosal haemorrhage. The present study was designed to compare a ranitidine continuous i.v. infusion (6.25 mg/h) vs. famotidine bolus injection (20 mg every 12 h) on 24-h intragastric pH and gastric acid secretion. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers (15 males, 13 females; 20-56 years) participated in two 24-h treatment periods; each test was in random order separated by 7-10 days. ⋯ Furthermore, gastric acid secretion increased to 4.4 +/- 1.2 mmol/h 12 h after famotidine injection compared to 1.1 +/- 0.3 mmol/h with ranitidine (P < 0.01). We conclude that ranitidine delivered as a continuous i.v. infusion (6.25 mg/h) is superior to bolus famotidine injections (20 mg) at 12-h intervals in suppressing gastric acid secretion and maintaining an intragastric pH > or = 4. More frequent famotidine dosing, or delivery by continuous i.v. infusion, may be required to provide prolonged acid suppression.