Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift
-
Angiotensin conversion enzyme inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors) have long been the only possibility to influence the renin angiotensin system (RAS) and its often fatal influences in heart failure. In the last few years specific blockers of the angiotensin 1 receptor (AT I blockers) offered a new possibility for this therapeutic target. ⋯ The first head-to-head studies that compared AT I blockers and ACE-inhibitors and their effect on mortality did not show a reduced mortality in the AT I blocker groups. Based on the available data AT I blockers should be used in heart failure patients who are intolerant of ACE-inhibitors.
-
Wien Med Wochenschr · Jan 2001
Review[Differential diagnosis of acute and chronic pelvic pain in women].
Acute and chronic forms of pelvic pain are symptoms of various gynaecological entities with a difficult clinical differential diagnosis. Acute pains are generally intensive attacks with a sudden onset, rapid progression, and normally short duration. ⋯ Transvaginal sonography is an efficient tool to document morphologic abnormalities. Other imaging modalities, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are valuable to differentiate gynaecological from other abdominal causes of pelvic pain.
-
Fractures of the distal radius are common counting for 17 percent of all fractures. With conventional radiography they can be classified readily. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a suitable technique for the detection of occult forms of fractures and of associated soft tissue injuries. ⋯ Indications for arthrography are injuries of the ligaments or of the joint capsule. Fractures and dislocations of the metacarpal, and the phalangeal bones are the most common fractures of the skeletal system. Conventional radiography is the primary imaging technique, followed by sonography and MRI to detect injuries of the ligaments and tendons.
-
Computed tomography (CT) ist the primary modality of choice for imaging patients with acute head trauma. Lesions of the soft tissues and of the bones can be assessed more precisely than with other imaging modalities. ⋯ Urgent indication to perform a CT examination depends on the patient's history and on the mechanism of trauma. Image interpretation has been performed in the context of typical pathologic effects of trauma and with respect to potential therapy.
-
Wien Med Wochenschr · Jan 2000
Review Case Reports[Principles and application of acupuncture in neurology].
Acupuncture is a valuable method of complementary medicine with broad application in neurology. It is based on the experiences of traditional Chinese medicine as well as on experimentally proven biological (biochemical and neurophysiological) effects. Acupuncture-induced analgesia is mediated by inhibition of pain transmission at a spinal level and activation of central pain-modulating centers by release of opioids and other peptides that can be prevented by opioid antagonists (naloxone). ⋯ Clinical experience and controlled studies confirmed the efficacy of acupuncture in various pain syndromes (tension headache, migraine, trigeminal neuralgia, posttraumatic pain, lumbar syndrome, ischialgia, etc.) and suggest favorable effects in the rehabilitation of peripheral facial nerve palsy and after stroke. Appropriate techniques, hygiene safeguards and knowledge of contraindications will minimize the risks of rare side effects of acupuncture which represents a valuable adjunction to the treatment repertoire in modern neurology. There is sufficient evidence of acupuncture to expand its use into conventional medicine and to encourage further studies of its pathophysiology and clinical value.