AIDS
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Risk of cancers during interrupted antiretroviral therapy in the SMART study.
To compare rates of AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining malignancies between patients on a CD4 T-cell-guided antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategy and continuous ART. ⋯ Non-AIDS-defining malignancies were more common in this cohort than AIDS-defining malignancies. This analysis provides further evidence against the use of CD4 T-cell-guided ART because of a higher risk of AIDS-defining malignancies in addition to opportunistic infections and deaths.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Perpetration of partner violence and HIV risk behaviour among young men in the rural Eastern Cape, South Africa.
To examine associations between the perpetration of intimate partner violence and HIV risk behaviour among young men in rural South Africa. ⋯ Young men who perpetrate partner violence engage in significantly higher levels of HIV risk behaviour than non-perpetrators, and more severe violence is associated with higher levels of risky behaviour. HIV prevention interventions must explicitly address the links between the perpetration of intimate partner violence and HIV risk behaviour among men, as well as the underlying gender and power dynamics that contribute to both.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Cytomegalovirus-specific IFN-gamma production is associated with protection against cytomegalovirus reactivation in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
To identify the predictors of cytomegalovirus reactivation in AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). ⋯ Cytomegalovirus-specific IFN-gamma has a unique value as an immunological predictor of cytomegalovirus reactivation, demonstrating the importance of cellular immune responses in the control of cytomegalovirus replication in HAART recipients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients: a randomized trial comparing meglumine antimoniate with amphotericin B. Spanish HIV-Leishmania Study Group.
Visceral leishmaniasis is common in patients with HIV infection living in endemic areas, but the most effective and safe treatment remains unknown. ⋯ Treatment of VL with meglumine antimoniate or amphotericin B was shown to have similar efficacy and toxicity rates in Spanish HIV-infected patients. The differences in the toxicity patterns could be useful in choosing one of these agents as first-line treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis in HIV infection: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
To evaluate the efficacy of isoniazid for the prevention of tuberculosis in tuberculin skin test-positive and negative individuals with HIV infection. ⋯ Prophylaxis with isoniazid reduces the risk of tuberculosis in persons with HIV infection. The effect is restricted to tuberculin skin test-positive persons.