AIDS
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Multicenter Study
The mother-to-child HIV transmission epidemic in Europe: evolving in the East and established in the West.
To carry out an epidemiological analysis of the emerging epidemic in an Eastern European country and to compare the approach to prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) with that in Western Europe. ⋯ Our findings indicate distinct differences in the epidemics in pregnant women across Europe. The evolution of the MTCT epidemic in Ukraine does not appear to be following the same pattern as that in Western Europe in the 1980s and 1990s. Although uptake of preventive MTCT prophylaxis has been rapid in both Western Europe and Ukraine, substantial challenges remain in the more resource-constrained setting in Eastern Europe.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Clearance of human herpesvirus type 8 viraemia in HIV-1-positive patients with Kaposi's sarcoma treated with liposomal doxorubicin. Caelyx/KS Spanish Study Group.
To assess the impact of liposomal doxorubicin on human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) cell viraemia in HIV-infected patients with Kaposi's sarcoma. ⋯ HHV-8 cell viraemia significantly decreased during treatment with liposomal doxorubicin in HIV-infected patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, although the clinical response and HHV-8 clearance did not correlate well.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients: a randomized trial comparing meglumine antimoniate with amphotericin B. Spanish HIV-Leishmania Study Group.
Visceral leishmaniasis is common in patients with HIV infection living in endemic areas, but the most effective and safe treatment remains unknown. ⋯ Treatment of VL with meglumine antimoniate or amphotericin B was shown to have similar efficacy and toxicity rates in Spanish HIV-infected patients. The differences in the toxicity patterns could be useful in choosing one of these agents as first-line treatment.
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Multicenter Study
The HIV epidemic associated with injecting drug use in Europe: geographic and time trends.
To evaluate the magnitude and trends of the HIV epidemic associated with injecting drug use in Europe. ⋯ IDU have played a major role in the spread of HIV in Europe. In several western European countries, the incidence of HIV acquired through drug use has declined following high rates in mid-1980s. Studies to assess current transmission are needed and prevention efforts must be maintained. In eastern Europe, emerging epidemics reinforce the urgency for prevention.