Lung cancer : journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
EGFR mutation analysis for prospective patient selection in AURA3 phase III trial of osimertinib versus platinum-pemetrexed in patients with EGFR T790M-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
In AURA3 (NCT02151981), osimertinib treatment provided significant clinical benefit compared with platinum-pemetrexed in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whose tumors had progressed on previous EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. This retrospective analysis investigated detection rates for T790M, common (exon 19 deletion and L858R), and rare EGFR mutations in tissue samples from the screened population of AURA3. ⋯ Among AURA3 screened patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC, approximately half had detectable T790M in their tumor tissue, a rate unaffected by ethnicity. Results are consistent with previous reports of T790M detection rate in this patient population.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Pembrolizumab and platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: Phase 1 cohorts from the KEYNOTE-021 study.
Platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has modest benefit overall, but has the potential to amplify immune responses. In cohorts A-C of the multicohort phase 1/2 study KEYNOTE-021 (Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02039674), we evaluated combinations of platinum-doublet chemotherapy with the anti-programmed death 1 monocloncal antibody pembrolizumab. ⋯ Pembrolizumab in combination with carboplatin-paclitaxel and with pemetrexed-carboplatin yielded encouraging antitumor activity and toxicity consistent with known toxicities of platinum-based chemotherapy or pembrolizumab monotherapy.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A phase II randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 versus S-1 plus cisplatin for completely resected pathological stage II/IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.
Platinum-based combination chemotherapy is the standard postoperative adjuvant treatment for pathological stage II/III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Oral S-1 therapy has good efficacy and relatively low toxicity for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. We investigated whether long-term S-1 monotherapy is also useful as an adjuvant therapy after surgery in patients with NSCLC. ⋯ Long-term adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 was a feasible and promising treatment for patients with completely resected NSCLC, regardless of cisplatin addition. S-1 monotherapy should be investigated further, based on its low toxicity and practical convenience.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Osimertinib compared docetaxel-bevacizumab as third-line treatment in EGFR T790M mutated non-small-cell lung cancer.
To compare the efficacy and toxicity of osimertinib versus docetaxel-bevacizumab as third-line treatment in EGFR T790M mutated NSCLC. ⋯ Osimertinib had higher response rate, longer PFS and milder side effects than docetaxel-bevacizumab in third-line therapy in patients with EGFR T790 M positive advanced NSCLC.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Relationship between nodule count and lung cancer probability in baseline CT lung cancer screening: The NELSON study.
To explore the relationship between nodule count and lung cancer probability in baseline low-dose CT lung cancer screening. ⋯ In baseline lung cancer CT screening, half of participants with lung nodules have more than one nodule. Lung cancer probability does not significantly change with the number of nodules. Baseline nodule count will not help to differentiate between benign and malignant nodules. Each nodule found in lung cancer screening should be assessed separately independent of the presence of other nodules.