American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Jun 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of methylphenidate on attention deficits after traumatic brain injury: a multidimensional, randomized, controlled trial.
To evaluate the effects of methylphenidate on a variety of aspects of attention, ranging from laboratory-based impairment measures to caregiver ratings and work productivity, in individuals after traumatic brain injury. ⋯ Methylphenidate, at 0.3 mg/kg/dose, given twice a day to individuals with attentional complaints after traumatic brain injury, seems to have clinically significant positive effects on speed of processing, caregiver ratings of attention, and some aspects of on-task behavior in naturalistic tasks. Further research is needed to identify the optimal dose and to extend these findings to less carefully selected individuals.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Nov 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialOne-shot percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation vs. transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for low back pain: comparison of therapeutic effects.
To investigate the therapeutic effects of one shot of low-frequency percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation one shot of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in patients with low back pain. ⋯ Simple one-shot treatment with percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation provided immediate pain relief for low back pain patients. One-shot transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation treatment is recommended due to the rarity of side effects and its convenient application.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialBotulinum toxin type A use in piriformis muscle syndrome: a pilot study.
This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that intramuscular botulinum toxin type A decreases chronic pain attributed to piriformis muscle syndrome to a greater extent than a similar injection with vehicle (saline) alone. ⋯ VAS data suggest that intramuscular piriformis injection with 100 units of botulinum toxin type A can reduce pain to a greater extent than similar injections with vehicle alone.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · May 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialBotulinum toxin in upper limb spasticity after acquired brain injury: a randomized trial comparing dilution techniques.
To compare the efficacy of two different volume preparations of the same dose of botulinum toxin-A in relieving spasticity in wrist and finger flexors secondary to acquired brain injury. ⋯ Because this preliminary study found no difference in spasticity reduction between high- and low-volume preparations of a 60-unit dose of botulinum toxin-A, a larger-sample study seems warranted to compare the efficacy of high-volume and low-volume preparations.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Mar 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCorticosteroid injection vs. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug and splinting in carpal tunnel syndrome.
To compare the efficacy of local corticosteroid injection to a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug and splinting for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. ⋯ Both splinting combined with the use of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug and steroid injection into the carpal tunnel resulted in significant improvement in carpal tunnel syndrome.