European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Dec 2011
Support time-dependent outcome analysis for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
The majority of patients suffering from pulmonary failure refractory to mechanical ventilation require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support between 1 and 2 weeks. This study was designed to evaluate differences in outcome depending on ECMO duration. ⋯ VV ECMO in patients suffering from severe lung failure is effective in improving gas exchange with an overall survival of higher than 50%. Prolonged need of ECMO support does not have an impact on survival.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Dec 2011
Acquired Von Willebrand syndrome is an early-onset problem in ventricular assist device patients.
Acquired Von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) can contribute to bleeding complications in patients with ventricular assist devices (VADs). AVWS results from shear stress, which causes unfolding of the high-molecular-weight (HMW) multimers of Von Willebrand factor (VWF) with subsequent cleavage. Loss of the HMW multimers of VWF is the leading finding in AVWS. In consequence, binding of VWF to collagen and to platelets is impaired. The onset of AVWS after VAD implantation is not yet determined. We examined VAD patients for presence of an AVWS in the early, intermediate, and late phase after VAD implantation. ⋯ The AVWS is present already in the early postoperative phase after VAD implantation. Therefore, reduced shear stress has to be an important feature of newly developed assist devices in the future.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Dec 2011
Comparative StudyThe impact of deep and moderate body temperatures on end-organ function during hypothermic circulatory arrest.
Hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) at different temperatures is a protection technique for operations involving the aortic arch. In combination with selective cerebral perfusion, higher arrest temperatures for the remaining body may be permitted. However, the ischaemic/reperfusion injury (I/R) in various organ systems, other than the brain, related to the specific HCA temperature has so far not been evaluated. ⋯ Higher levels of circulating lactate levels during reperfusion indicate less effective organ protection at 30 than at 20 °C after 60 min of HCA. This is further substantiated by histological evidence for a more pronounced oedema inflammatory response within the bowel wall.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Dec 2011
Risk factors for chronic thoracic pain after cardiac surgery via sternotomy.
This study examines the influence of patient demographics and peri- and postoperative (<7 days) characteristics on the incidence of chronic thoracic pain 1 year after cardiac surgery. The impact of chronic thoracic pain on daily life is also documented. ⋯ We have identified a number of factors correlated with persistent thoracic pain following cardiac surgery with sternotomy. Awareness of these predictors may be useful for further research concerning both the prevention and treatment of chronic thoracic pain, thereby potentially ameliorating the postoperative quality of life of a significant proportion of patients. Meanwhile, chronic thoracic pain should be discussed preoperatively with patients at risk so that they are truly informed about possible consequences of the surgery.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Dec 2011
Post-cardiotomy extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in neonates with complex single ventricle: analysis of outcomes.
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in children with cardiac arrest refractory to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been reported with encouraging results. We sought to review outcomes of neonates with functional single ventricle (FSV) receiving post-cardiotomy ECPR. ⋯ ECMO support in neonates with FSV requiring ECPR can result in favorable outcome in more than half of patients at hospital discharge. Aggressive strategy toward timely application of ECPR is justified. Expeditious ECPR deployment after proper patients' selection, refinement of CPR quality and use of adjunctive neuroprotective interventions, such as induced hypothermia, might further improve outcomes.