Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America
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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOptimal frequency of changing intravenous administration sets: is it safe to prolong use beyond 72 hours?
To determine the safety and cost-effectiveness of replacing the intravenous (IV) tubing sets in hospitalized patients at 4- to 7-day intervals instead of every 72 hours. ⋯ In patients at low risk for infection from infusion- or catheter-related infection who are not receiving total parenteral nutrition, blood transfusions, or interleukin-2, delaying the replacement of IV tubing up to 7 days may be safe, as well as cost-effective
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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · Jul 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA randomized trial of 72- versus 24-hour intravenous tubing set changes in newborns receiving lipid therapy.
To compare the microbial contamination rate of infusate in the intravenous tubing of newborns receiving lipid therapy, replacing the intravenous delivery system at 72-hour versus 24-hour intervals. ⋯ Microbial contamination of infusion sets is significantly more frequent with 72- than with 24-hour set changes in neonates receiving lipid solutions. This may be associated with an increased mortality rate.
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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · May 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialBacitracin versus mupirocin for Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization.
We performed a randomized prospective study of 5-day treatment with topical mupirocin or bacitracin for the elimination of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in healthcare workers (HCWs). Nasal cultures were obtained from 141 HCWs, 37 (26%) of whom showed S. aureus. ⋯ Similar efficacy was demonstrated at 30 days. Mupirocin may be more effective than bacitracin for eradication of S. aureus in healthy HCWs.
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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · Apr 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of vancomycin and cefuroxime for infection prophylaxis in coronary artery bypass surgery.
To investigate clinically significant differences between vancomycin and cefuroxime for perioperative infection prophylaxis in coronary artery bypass surgery. ⋯ The data suggest that vancomycin has no clinically significant advantages over cephalosporin in terms of antimicrobial prophylaxis. We suggest that cefuroxime (or first-generation cephalosporins, which were not studied here) is a good choice for infection prophylaxis in connection with coronary artery bypass surgery in institutions without methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus problems. In addition to the increasing vancomycin-resistant enterococci problem, the easier administration and usually lower price of cefuroxime make it preferable to vancomycin.
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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · Mar 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAssessing blunt cannulae as replacements for hypodermic needles during intravenous therapy: safety and utility.
Recently, blunt 18-gauge (ga) metal cannulae have become nationally commercially available as safety products. The ability of these blunt cannulae to prevent needlestick injury and to enable direct access of all standard latex ports and vial membranes, thus eliminating hypodermic needles entirely from the intravenous (i.v.) drug administration process, is assessed. ⋯ Metal 18-ga cannulae can be inserted through virtually all intact standard rubber vial membranes or standard Y-ports to allow safe IV access. A single prepuncture of any standard latex membrane allows economical blunt metal cannula access equally efficiently as with expensive pre-slit membranes and without loss of membrane integrity.