Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of low versus high tidal volume ventilation on inflammatory markers in healthy individuals undergoing posterior spine fusion in the prone position: a randomized controlled trial.
To evaluate the effect of ventilation strategy on markers of inflammation in patients undergoing spine surgery in the prone position. ⋯ Although markers of inflammation are increased after posterior spine fusion surgery, ventilation strategy has minimal impact on markers of systemic inflammation.
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Review
Perspectives on transdermal scopolamine for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Transdermal scopolamine, a patch system that delivers 1.5 mg of scopolamine gradually over 72 hours following an initial bolus, was approved in the United States in 2001 for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adults. Scopolamine (hyoscine) is a selective competitive anatagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Low serum concentrations of scopolamine produce an antiemetic effect. Transdermal scopolamine is effective in preventing PONV versus placebo [relative risk (RR)=0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61-0.98, P = 0.03] and a significantly reduced risk for postoperative nausea (RR=0.59, 95% CI, 0.48-0.73, P < 0.001), postoperative vomiting (RR=0.68, 95% CI, 0.61-0.76, P < 0.001), and PONV (RR 0.73, 95% CI, 0.60-0.88, P = 001) in the first 24 hours after the start of anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reliability of assessment of nasal flow rate for nostril selection during nasotracheal intubation.
To evaluate the reliability of assessments of nasal flow rate for improved nostril selection for nasotracheal intubation. ⋯ Measurement of nasal flow rate is a useful clinical method for choosing a nostril for nasotracheal intubation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prevention of propofol-induced pain in children: pretreatment with small doses of ketamine.
To evaluate the efficacy of ketamine in preventing propofol injection pain in children. ⋯ Pretreatment with a small dose of ketamine (0.3 mg/kg) reduced the frequency and intensity of propofol injection pain without severe adverse effects.