Journal of clinical anesthesia
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To evaluate the hemodynamic response in the prone position in surgical patients by measuring the effects of prone positioning on cardiac function using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). ⋯ The prone position caused LVV to decrease. The prone position also led to decreased systolic PVFV and PVVTI and enhancement of diastolic PVFV and PVVTI. These changes were probably due to a decrease in the venous return due to inferior vena caval compression, and decreased left ventricular compliance due to increased intrathoracic pressure in the prone position.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Combined hemodilution and hypotension monitored with jugular bulb oxygen saturation, EEG, and ECG decreases transfusion volume and length of ICU stay for major orthopedic surgery.
To assess the efficacy and safety of hemodilution combined with induced hypotension during surgery. ⋯ Hemodilution combined with induced hypotension was safe and may reduce the need for transfusion and ICU admission.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, multicenter study of intravenous granisetron in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia.
To compare the effectiveness of granisetron with placebo in the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ Granisetron was significantly more effective than placebo in all groups. Further studies in specific subgroups may be warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Epidural block for obstetrics: comparison of bolus injection of local anesthetic with gravity flow technique.
To test the hypothesis that slow administration of local anesthetic into the epidural space by gravity flow reduces the incidence of signs and symptoms of unintended injection. ⋯ Gravity flow administration of local anesthetic-opioid solution during epidural block for obstetrics was associated with fewer signs of systemic drug absorption and cardiovascular perturbations than was the traditional bolus injection. This study supports the current opinion that slow administration of local anesthetic during epidural block contributes to fewer adverse events.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Ondansetron dose response curve in high-risk pediatric patients.
To establish a dose-response relationship for ondansetron, and to evaluate any effects of oral premedication with metoclopramide in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and strabismus surgery. ⋯ Ondansetron is an effective medication for the treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and a dose of ondansetron 0.05 mg/kg is as effective as 0.1 mg/kg and 0.15 mg/kg. Metoclopramide 0.15 mg/kg has no effect on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.