Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Patient-controlled analgesia with sufentanil: a comparison of two different methods of administration.
To examine the safety and analgesic efficacy of sufentanil administered via either epidural or intravenous (i.v.) patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in patients recovering from gynecologic surgery. ⋯ The main advantage of EPCA sufentanil in this postsurgical setting was its ability to provide a more rapid onset of analgesia than traditional i.v. PCA with morphine while offering greater safety than i.v. sufentanil.
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To determine the influence of anesthetic technique and primary drug on operating room (OR) exit time (time between end of surgery until time patient exists the OR) after addition of desflurane to the hospital formulary. ⋯ Regional anesthesia and i.v. sedation were associated with faster OR exit times compared with general anesthesia. Despite desflurane's shorter elimination kinetics and recovery characteristics, use of this drug did not result in shorter exit times.
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EMLA cream is an acronym for eutectic mixture of local anesthetics. It contains lidocaine and prilocaine creams. A eutectic preparation, applied topically, penetrates into the dermis after an application period of 1 to 2 hours. This case report describes the successful treatment with EMLA cream of post-herpetic neuralgia, which was resistant to other modes of therapy, and briefly discusses the pharmacology of EMLA cream.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Patient-controlled intranasal analgesia (PCINA) for the management of postoperative pain: a pilot study.
To compare patient-controlled intranasal analgesia (PCINA) for post-operative pain management with ward-provided pain therapy. ⋯ PCINA provides an adequate, noninvasive mode of postoperative pain management. The PCINA device is easy to handle and offers new perspectives in the management of postoperative pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of alfentanil, esmolol, lidocaine, and thiopental sodium on the hemodynamic response to insertion of headrest skull pins.
To compare the effects of four techniques for preventing or blunting the hypertensive response to the insertion of Mayfield headrest skull pins: intravenous (IV) alfentanil (ALF), esmolol (ESM), thiopental sodium (TPL), and local anesthesia using plain lidocaine (Xylocaine; XYL). ⋯ IV ALF and local injection of XYL in the scalp prevent the hemodynamic response to the insertion of skull pins in anesthetized patients. Neither ESM nor TPL prevented the hypertensive response. Local anesthetic injection into the scalp requires coordination between the anesthesiologist and surgeon, it carries the risk of needle stick injury, and it must be repeated if the surgeon repositions the headrest. The rapid onset and short half-life of ALF, coupled with the absence of hemodynamic effects at the dose used, makes this drug an alternative to the use of XYL injection.