Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Determine if psoas muscle area measured in routine preoperative computed tomography scans (CT) can be used to identify patients at increased risk of adverse postoperative outcomes after major elective abdominal surgery. ⋯ Sarcopenia defined by psoas muscle mass is an independent predictor of 2-year mortality, major complications and severity of complications after major colorectal surgery and may be used for preoperative risk assessment.
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Observational Study
Single shot of intravenous iron in cardiac surgery: The ICARUS study.
Iron deficiency (ID), with or without anemia, is commonly observed among patients scheduled for cardiac surgery. We investigated if screening ID in the immediate preoperative period and treating ID patients regardless of anemia could reduce perioperative transfusion requirements. ⋯ NCT04744181.
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Review Meta Analysis
The effectiveness of positive airway pressure therapy in reducing postoperative adverse outcomes in surgical patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in surgical patients and is associated with an increased risk of adverse perioperative events. ⋯ In patients with OSA undergoing non-cardiac surgery, PAP therapy was associated with a 28% reduction in the risk of postoperative respiratory complications and 56% reduction in unplanned ICU admission. In patients with OSA undergoing cardiac surgery, PAP therapy decreased the risk of postoperative cardiac complications and atrial fibrillation by 37% and 41%, respectively.
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Diabetes mellitus is often treated as a uniform disease in the perioperative period. Type 2 diabetes is most commonly encountered, and only a minority of surgical patients have been diagnosed with another type of diabetes. ⋯ In addition, certain type-related features and pitfalls should be taken into account in the operating theatre. In this narrative review, we discuss characteristics of types of diabetes other than type 2 diabetes relevant to the anaesthetist, based on available literature and data from our clinic.