Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of the cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during manually controlled positive pressure ventilation.
To examine the cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) during positive pressure ventilation (PPV) and to compare its reliability and efficacy with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). ⋯ Although effective ventilation can be accomplished with both devices, the LMA is more reliable for "hands free" ventilation than the COPA. The lower incidence of laryngopharyngeal discomfort and salivation with the COPA may be beneficial for patients at risk for developing laryngospasm.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation after vital capacity rapid inhalation induction (VCRII) with different concentrations of sevoflurane.
To evaluate the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) response to tracheal intubation after vital capacity rapid inhalation induction (VCRII) with four concentrations of sevoflurane followed by nitrous oxide (N2O) 50% and sevoflurane in concentrations administered by clinical judgment. ⋯ VCRII with sevoflurane 3% to 6% following fentanyl 3 micrograms/kg can be considered for blunting the hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation in healthy patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Influence of the priming technique on pharmacodynamics and intubating conditions of cisatracurium.
To determine the effects of the priming technique on the intubating conditions and pharmacodynamics of different doses of cisatracurium. ⋯ When primed, cisatracurium 0.09 mg/kg and 0.14 mg/kg produced an onset time comparable with that of 0.2 mg/kg and allowed an earlier spontaneous recovery (p < 0.05). In this study, there was no benefit in priming cisatracurium 0.19 mg/kg.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of dexmedetomidine on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in adults age 55 to 70 years.
To determine the effect of two target dexmedetomidine infusions (0.3 ng/ml and 0.6 ng/ml) on the minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in adults age 55 to 70 years. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine 0.7 ng/ml decreased the MAC of sevoflurane by 17%, whereas there was no difference between the placebo and the dexmedetomidine 0.39 ng/ml group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Efficacy of repeat intravenous dosing of ondansetron in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial.
To compare repeat intravenous (i.v.) dosing of ondansetron 4 mg with placebo for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients for whom prophylactic, preoperative ondansetron 4 mg i.v. was inadequate ⋯ In patients for whom preoperative prophylaxis with ondansetron 4 mg i.v. is not successful, a repeat dose of ondansetron 4 mg i.v. in the postanesthesia care unit does not appear to offer additional control of PONV.