Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Remifentanil versus propofol as adjuncts to regional anesthesia. Remifentanil 3010 Study Group.
To compare the safety and efficacy of remifentanil and propofol as adjuncts to regional anesthesia in patients undergoing orthopedic or urogenital surgery. ⋯ At the doses studied, remifentanil was more effective than propofol in minimizing pain without producing excessive sedation. Remifentanil was associated with more transient respiratory depression and short-term nausea. Our findings indicate that the initial remifentanil rate should be 0.1 microg/kg/min (50% lower than the study's initial rate) and should be further decreased an additional 50% in the elderly to minimize adverse effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative effects of Ringer's acetate and lactate solutions on intraoperative central and peripheral temperatures.
To compare the effects of Ringer's lactate (LR) and Ringer's acetate (AR) solutions on core body and peripheral temperatures during isoflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ There was no significant difference between AR and LR in the preservation of heat during either sevoflurane or isoflurane anesthesia. However, AR may be superior to LR for maintaining central temperature during the early period of isoflurane anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Ondansetron dose response curve in high-risk pediatric patients.
To establish a dose-response relationship for ondansetron, and to evaluate any effects of oral premedication with metoclopramide in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and strabismus surgery. ⋯ Ondansetron is an effective medication for the treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and a dose of ondansetron 0.05 mg/kg is as effective as 0.1 mg/kg and 0.15 mg/kg. Metoclopramide 0.15 mg/kg has no effect on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, multicenter study of intravenous granisetron in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia.
To compare the effectiveness of granisetron with placebo in the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ Granisetron was significantly more effective than placebo in all groups. Further studies in specific subgroups may be warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Acute hemodynamic responses to electroconvulsive therapy are not related to the duration of seizure activity.
To test the hypothesis that the magnitude of the acute hemodynamic response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is related to the duration of the seizure activity in patients receiving different dosages of intravenous (i.v.) lidocaine. ⋯ Despite producing dose-related decreases in the duration of both motor and EEG seizure activity, lidocaine failed to attenuate the acute hemodynamic response to ECT. Thus, the acute hemodynamic response to ECT is not related to the duration of seizure activity.