Applied nursing research : ANR
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of foot and hand massage in postcesarean pain control in a group of Turkish pregnant women.
The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of foot and hand massage on reducing postoperative pain in patients who had cesarean operation. This pretest-posttest design study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study. ⋯ It was also noted that vital findings were measured comparatively higher before the massage in the test groups, and they were found to be relatively lower in the measurements conducted right before and after the massage, which was considered to be statistically meaningful. Foot and hand massage proved useful as an effective nursing intervention in controlling postoperative pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of an intervention to improve communication about end-of-life care among African Americans with chronic kidney disease.
The prevalence of and mortality from chronic kidney disease (CKD) are high among African Americans. Interventions to improve knowledge of the likely illness course and the benefits and risks of life-sustaining treatment at the end-of-life are needed for African Americans with CKD and their surrogate decision makers. Nineteen African Americans with stage 5 CKD and their surrogates were randomized to either patient-centered advance care planning (PC-ACP) or usual care. ⋯ At posttest, 90% of patients in the intervention group reported that they would choose to undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation even if the chance of surviving the attempt would be low, whereas 57% of patients in the control group reported that they would make that choice. PC-ACP can be effective in improving patient and surrogate congruence in end-of-life treatment preferences. However, the results suggest a need for further improvements in the intervention to enhance cultural appropriateness for African Americans with CKD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A brief mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention for nurses and nurse aides.
Whereas the causes and negative consequences of stress among nurses are well known, less is known about effective ways to reduce or prevent this growing problem. Mindfulness-based stress reduction programs are proving to be effective in reducing stress and improving health in a variety of clinical populations. ⋯ In comparison with 14 wait-list control participants, 16 participants in the mindfulness intervention experienced significant improvements in burnout symptoms, relaxation, and life satisfaction. The results of this pilot study, together with a natural fit between mindfulness philosophy and nursing practice theory, suggest that mindfulness training is a promising method for helping those in the nursing profession manage stress, even when provided in a brief format.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Adolescent scoliosis: effects of corrective surgery, cognitive-behavioral interventions, and age on activity outcomes.
The effects of spinal fusion surgery and cognitive-behavioral interventions on 88 adolescents' (11-18 years) activity outcomes were examined using a randomized trial with three intervention groups (information only, coping only, coping plus information) and a control group. The effects included a significant drop from baseline (preoperative) in usual activities and social activities at 1 month postsurgery for all groups, indicating that initially postsurgical recovery is particularly disruptive to patients' lives. At 3 months after surgery, all groups showed increased usual activities and social activities. ⋯ Younger adolescents (ages 11-14) in the combined information plus coping group and the control group had higher social scores over the postsurgery recovery period compared with those in the coping-only group. No differences were found on academic performance. The adolescents did not return to their baseline social activity levels during the 9-month recovery period (typically when long-term recovery is completed), indicating that the surgery itself has a long-term negative effect on patients' social life.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on arthritis knee pain in older adults with osteoarthritis of the knee.
The objective of this study was to examine the short- and long-term effects of a home-based, 12-week neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the quadriceps femoris to decrease arthritis knee pain in older adults with osteoarthritis of the knee. The study sample (N = 38) was randomly assigned to the NMES treatment plus education group or the arthritis education-only group. Pain was measured in both groups with the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) at baseline, during the intervention at weeks 4, 8, 12, and at follow-up and with the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale 2-Pain Subscale (AIMS2-PS) at baseline and week 12. ⋯ There was a significant 22% decline in pain 15 minutes after as compared with immediately before each NMES treatment (p <.001), as measured by the PD. No significant group differences were found between the 2 groups over the course of the intervention and follow-up. These findings indicate that a home-based NMES intervention reduced arthritis knee pain 15 minutes after a NMES treatment.